Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Tree
Origin
California
United States, California
Types
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Quercus lobata
Number of Varieties
310
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
Semi desert, Subtropical climates
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-107-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
9-6
Sunset Zone
21,22
3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Spreading
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm1,650.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
120.00 cm1,680.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Red, Yellow green
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Orange Red
Sienna, Chocolate
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
Yellow, Yellow green, Gold
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic
Irregular
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Summer
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
Form a Soil ring to water efficiently, Keep ground moist, Requires watering in the growing season, Water more in summer, Water when soil is dry
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
-
Don't prune in winter, No pruning needed in the early stages, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Fungal Diseases
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds
Allergy
Acidic
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
-
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Body Ache, Stomach pain
-
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Bark, Leaves, Wood
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Cattle Fodder, Used by tanners in tanning leather, Used in making musical instruments, Wood is used for making furniture, Wood is used for ship building, Wood is used in construction
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
QUERCUS lobata
Common Name
Christmas Berry, California Holly
California Swamp Oak, California White Oak, Roble Oak, Valley Oak
In Hindi
Toyon
घाटी ओक
In German
Toyon
Tal Eiche
In French
Toyon
Oak Valley
In Spanish
Toyon
valle del roble
In Greek
Toyon
Valley Oak
In Portuguese
Toyon
vale Oak
In Polish
Toyon
Dolina Oak
In Latin
Toyon
Oak vallis
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
-
Class
Magnoliopsida
-
Order
Rosales
Fagales
Family
Rosaceae
Fagaceae
Genus
Heteromeles
Quercus
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Maleae
-
Subfamily
Amygdaloideae
-
Number of Species
6600
1
27800
👆🏻