Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Tree
Origin
California
North America, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Canada
Types
Heteromeles arbutifolia
-
Number of Varieties
320
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
Woodland Garden Canopy
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-103-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
10-1
Sunset Zone
21,22
7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm1,830.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
120.00 cm8.50 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Tan, Sandy Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Orange Red
Green, Sandy Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
Yellow, Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic
oblong or obovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
-
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Summer
Early Spring, Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
Average Water Needs
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
-
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
Any balanced general purpose fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Blackspot mold
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Beetles, Birds
Allergy
Acidic
Miscarriage, Rash
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
-
Beauty Benefits
-
Beautiful Skin, Heals Damaged Hair, Strong, beautiful hair
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Demulcent, Diuretic, Expectorant, Nutritive
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Fruits, Inner Bark, Leaves
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Chewed as a thirst quencher, Tea-like beverage can be brewed, Used as a thickener in soups, Used to make a twine
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Shade Trees
Botanical Name
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
ULMUS rubra
Common Name
Christmas Berry, California Holly
Slippery Elm
In Hindi
Toyon
Slippery Elm
In German
Toyon
Rotulme
In French
Toyon
Slippery Elm
In Spanish
Toyon
olmo resbaladizo
In Greek
Toyon
Slippery Elm
In Portuguese
Toyon
Slippery Elm
In Polish
Toyon
Slippery Elm
In Latin
Toyon
Lubricus Elm
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Urticales
Family
Rosaceae
Ulmaceae
Genus
Heteromeles
Ulmus
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Maleae
-
Subfamily
Amygdaloideae
-
Number of Species
620
1
27800
👆🏻