Life Span
Perennial
Annual and Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Tree
Origin
California
Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Canada
Types
Heteromeles arbutifolia
-
Number of Varieties
38
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
Deep, Fertile bottom land, Hilly upland habitat, Well Drained
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-106-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
8-6
Sunset Zone
21,22
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm1,371.60 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
120.00 cm30.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Purple, Burgundy, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Orange Red
Yellow, Green, Yellow green, Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
Yellow, Copper, Orange Red
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic
Oblong
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Summer
Early Spring, Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season, Water Deeply
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
-
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Requires little pruning
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
Magnesium sulphate, Nitrogen, Phosphate, Phosphorous, Potassium
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
-
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds, Butterflies
Allergy
Acidic
breathing problems, Dizziness, Itchiness, Nausea, Rash, Stomach pain, Swelling
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
-
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin and hair, Skin cleanser
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control
Air purification, Shadow Tree
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Malaria, Rheumatism, Urine infections, Vomiting
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Flowers, Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Making Shampoo, Used As Food, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Edible, Feature Plant, Fruit / Fruit Tree, Mixed Border, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
ASIMINA triloba
Common Name
Christmas Berry, California Holly
Pawpaw
In Hindi
Toyon
गंदा संयंत्र
In German
Toyon
Papaya Pflanze
In French
Toyon
usine de papaye
In Spanish
Toyon
planta de la papaya
In Greek
Toyon
φυτό pawpaw
In Portuguese
Toyon
planta mamão
In Polish
Toyon
pawpaw roślin
In Latin
Toyon
quince herba
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Magnoliales
Family
Rosaceae
Annonaceae
Genus
Heteromeles
Asimina Adans
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Magnoliids
Tribe
Maleae
-
Subfamily
Amygdaloideae
-
Number of Species
69
1
27800
👆🏻