Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Flowering Plants, Shrub
Origin
California
Southwest Asia
Types
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Calypso, Petite Salmon, Petite Pink
Number of Varieties
31
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
dry rocky watercourses, Riverbanks
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-109-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
-
Sunset Zone
21,22
8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Bushy, Evergreen
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm300.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
120.00 cm350.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Cream, Creamy Yellow, Pink, Purple, Red, White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Orange Red
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Gray Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic
Long linear and narrow
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Fall, Spring
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Well drained
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral, Slightly Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Summer
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Layering, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
Water less during winter, Water more in summer
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral, Slightly Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Well drained
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
-
Prune in the late winter or spring, Remove shoots
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize every 2-3 weeks while growing, Fertilize in early spring, Potassium
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Leaf spot, Mealybugs, Red blotch, Red spider mite, Scale, Scale insects
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Mealybugs
Allergy
Acidic
Phytodermatitis, Rash, Toxic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes, Used in parkland
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Asthma, Cancer, Cardiotonic, Diabetes, epilepsy, Scabies
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Used as Ornamental plant
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
-
Botanical Name
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
Nerium
Common Name
Christmas Berry, California Holly
Oleander, Nerium Oleander
In Hindi
Toyon
ओलियंडर
In German
Toyon
Oleander
In French
Toyon
laurier-rose
In Spanish
Toyon
Adelfa
In Greek
Toyon
Πικροδάφνη
In Portuguese
Toyon
oleandro
In Polish
Toyon
Oleander
In Latin
Toyon
Cleander
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Gentianales
Family
Rosaceae
Apocynaceae
Genus
Heteromeles
Nerium
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
Maleae
Wrightieae
Subfamily
Amygdaloideae
Apocynoideae, Hippocastanoideae
Number of Species
6700
1
27800
👆🏻