Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Tree
Origin
California
United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Types
Heteromeles arbutifolia
shadbush, wild plum
Number of Varieties
320
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
Swamps, Thickets, Woods
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-104-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
9-1
Sunset Zone
21,22
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm610.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
120.00 cm300.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Orange Red
Red, Violet, Plum
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
Yellow, Red, Orange, Orange Red
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Summer
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Grafting, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
occasional watering once established
In Summer
Lots of watering
Drought Tolerant
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Less Watering
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
-
Prune if you want to improve plant shape
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Less fertilizing
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Bacterial leaf spot, Beetles, Powdery mildew, Red blotch, Rust
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought, Heat And Humidity
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds, Deers, Hoverflies
Allergy
Acidic
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
-
Beauty Benefits
-
Improve skin condition, Skin Problems
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control
Agroforestry, Food for animals, Food for birds, No fertilizer, pesticides, or herbicides needed, soil stabilisation
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Diarrhea, Gastrointestinal disorders, Menstrual Disorders
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Fruits
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Food for animals, Used As Food
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Edible, Feature Plant, Foundation, Fruit / Fruit Tree, Mixed Border, Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
AMELANCHIER arborea
Common Name
Christmas Berry, California Holly
Common Serviceberry, Downy Serviceberry, Juneberry, Shadbush
In Hindi
Toyon
Juneberry
In German
Toyon
Felsenbirnen
In French
Toyon
Amélanchier
In Spanish
Toyon
Amelanchier
In Greek
Toyon
Juneberry
In Portuguese
Toyon
Amelanchier
In Polish
Toyon
Świdośliwa
In Latin
Toyon
Amelanchier
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Rosales
Family
Rosaceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Heteromeles
Amelanchier
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Dicotyledonous
Tribe
Maleae
-
Subfamily
Amygdaloideae
Malvoideae
Number of Species
625
1
27800
👆🏻