Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Fruit
Origin
California
Eastern Asia
Types
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Actinidia arguta, Actinidia giraldii, Actinidia hypoleuca
Number of Varieties
33
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
Dappled Shade, open Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-103-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
8-1
Sunset Zone
21,22
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Vining/Climbing
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm550.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
120.00 cm90.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
White, Ivory
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Orange Red
Green, Yellow green
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Summer
Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
Shade areas
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Grafting, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
Average Water Needs, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Regular watering required
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
-
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
Apply 10-10-10 amount, fertilize twice a year
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Botrytis head rot, Japanese Beetles, Leaf Rollers, Nematodes, Phytophthora, Root rot, Sclerotinia blight, Spider mites, Thripes
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Shade areas
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Cats
Allergy
Acidic
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
Cottage Garden
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control
Shadow Tree
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Antioxidants, Fiber, Folate, Rich in Potassium, Vitamin C
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Fruits
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Grown for shade
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Edible, Feature Plant, Vine
Botanical Name
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
ACTINIDIA arguta
Common Name
Christmas Berry, California Holly
Hardy Kiwi
In Hindi
Toyon
हार्डी कीवी
In German
Toyon
Hardy Kiwi
In French
Toyon
kiwai
In Spanish
Toyon
kiwi hardy
In Greek
Toyon
σκληραγωγημένα ακτινίδια
In Portuguese
Toyon
kiwi Hardy
In Polish
Toyon
hardy kiwi
In Latin
Toyon
Hardy kiwi
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Theales
Family
Rosaceae
Actinidiaceae
Genus
Heteromeles
Actinidia
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
Maleae
-
Subfamily
Amygdaloideae
Actinidiaceae
Number of Species
660
1
27800
👆🏻