Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Tree
Origin
California
Southern Europe, Mediterranean, Northern Africa
Types
Heteromeles arbutifolia
-
Number of Varieties
31
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
Open Forest
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-107-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
12-3
Sunset Zone
21,22
5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm1,070.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
120.00 cm910.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Red, Yellow green
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Orange Red
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Gray Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
Gray Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Gray Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic
Lobed
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Slow
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Summer
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Planting, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist, Never Over-water, Requires watering in the growing season, Water less during winter
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
-
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead leaves, Requires little pruning
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
fertilize in growing season
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Spider mites
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought, Salt
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds
Allergy
Acidic
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
Landscape Designing
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control
Absorbs greenhouse gases, Air purification, Amazing growth rate, Food for birds, Food for insects, Nesting sites for birds, Prevent Soil Erosion, Shadow Tree
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Nutrients
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Bark, Seeds, Stem, Tree trunks
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Economic Purpose, Used in construction
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Feature Plant, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Botanical Name
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
QUERCUS suber
Common Name
Christmas Berry, California Holly
Cork Oak
In Hindi
Toyon
कॉर्क ओक
In German
Toyon
Kork Eiche
In French
Toyon
Cork Oak
In Spanish
Toyon
alcornoque
In Greek
Toyon
Cork Oak
In Portuguese
Toyon
sobreiro
In Polish
Toyon
Cork Oak
In Latin
Toyon
sUBER
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Anthophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Fagales
Family
Rosaceae
Fagaceae
Genus
Heteromeles
Quercus
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Maleae
Mirini
Subfamily
Amygdaloideae
Mirinae
Number of Species
620
1
27800
👆🏻