Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Tree
Origin
California
Eastern Asia, China
Types
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Babylon
Number of Varieties
33
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
Lake margins, River side, Swamps, Waste areas
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-105-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
10-9
Sunset Zone
21,22
3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Weeping
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm910.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
120.00 cm460.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Yellow green
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Orange Red
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
Light Yellow, Yellow green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic
Needle like
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Summer
Early Spring, Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
Drought, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Divison, Rooted stem cutting, Stem Planting, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
Keep ground moist, Requires consistently moist soil, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
-
Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
Compost, fertilize every 2-3 weeks while growing, fertilize in growing season
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Aphids, Beetles, Caterpillars, Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought, Wet Site
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
-
Allergy
Acidic
Asthma
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
Beautification, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control
Air purification, Erosion control, Food for birds, Food for insects, Nesting sites for birds, Prevent Soil Erosion, Shadow Tree, Shelter for wildlife, Versatility
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Headache, Sedative, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Tree trunks
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Showy Purposes, Used as firewood, Used as Ornamental plant
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Cutflower, Dried Flower/Everlasting, Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
SALIX babylonica f. tortuosa
Common Name
Christmas Berry, California Holly
Corkscrew Willow
In Hindi
Toyon
पेंचकश विलो
In German
Toyon
Korkenzieher-Weide
In French
Toyon
Tire-bouchon Willow
In Spanish
Toyon
Tire-bouchon Willow
In Greek
Toyon
τιρμπουσόν Willow
In Portuguese
Toyon
corkscrew salgueiro
In Polish
Toyon
korkociąg Willow
In Latin
Toyon
corkscrew Willow
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Malpighiales
Family
Rosaceae
Salicaceae
Genus
Heteromeles
Salix
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Maleae
Saliceae
Subfamily
Amygdaloideae
Salicoideae
Number of Species
635
1
27800
👆🏻