Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Perennial
Origin
California
-
Types
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Potentilla bifurca, Potentilla biennis
Number of Varieties
3500
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
Fields, Open Forest, Upland
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-105-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
9-4
Sunset Zone
21,22
2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Cushion/Mound-forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm30.50 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
120.00 cm38.10 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
-
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Red, Orange Red
Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
-
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
-
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
-
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic
Palmate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Summer
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
Keep ground moist, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
-
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead leaves, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
as it is a flowering plant, use high phosphorous content fertilizer, Compost, fertilize in growing season, Nitrogen, organic fertlizers, Potassium
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Leaf spot
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
-
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
-
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
-
Allergy
Acidic
Avoid during Pregnancy
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
Beautification, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control
Air purification, Food for insects
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Diarrhea, Inflammation, Menstrual Disorders, Sore throat
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Leaves
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Container, Foundation, Groundcover, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall
Botanical Name
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
POTENTILLA 'Emilie'
Common Name
Christmas Berry, California Holly
Cinquefoil
In Hindi
Toyon
पंचकोण
In German
Toyon
Fingerkraut
In French
Toyon
potentille
In Spanish
Toyon
cinquefoil
In Greek
Toyon
Πεντάφυλλο
In Portuguese
Toyon
cinquefoil
In Polish
Toyon
pięciornik
In Latin
Toyon
cinquefoil
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Rosales
Family
Rosaceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Heteromeles
Potentilla
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Maleae
-
Subfamily
Amygdaloideae
Rosoideae
Number of Species
6300
1
27800
👆🏻