Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
California
Argentina, Chile
Types
Heteromeles arbutifolia
-
Number of Varieties
32
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
Hardwood forests, pine woods
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-107-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
-
Sunset Zone
21,22
21,22
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Spreading
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm60.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
120.00 cm90.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
White, Light Pink
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Orange Red
White, Purple, Rose, Violet, Plum, Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Dark Green, Bronze
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Summer
Late Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings, Semi-hardwood cuttings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
Average Water Needs
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
-
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead flowers, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Nitrogen
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Bacterial fruit blotch, Downy mildew, Gall Insects, Mites, Powdery mildew
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought, Shade areas
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds, Insects
Allergy
Acidic
Hives, inflammation in lips, Sore Throat, Swelling in the face
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Glowing Skin, Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control
Food for animals, Food for birds
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Analgesic, Anodyne, Antirheumatic, Antispasmodic, Astringent, Carminative
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Fruits, Leaves, Stem
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
For making oil, For making oil for cosmetics, Medicinal oil, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Container, Edging, Foundation, Hedges, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
Gaultheria procumbens
Common Name
Christmas Berry, California Holly
Eastern teaberry, checkerberry, American wintergreen
In Hindi
Toyon
boxberry
In German
Toyon
boxberry
In French
Toyon
boxberry
In Spanish
Toyon
boxberry
In Greek
Toyon
boxberry
In Portuguese
Toyon
boxberry
In Polish
Toyon
boxberry
In Latin
Toyon
Burning
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Ericales
Family
Rosaceae
Ericaceae
Genus
Heteromeles
Gaultheria
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
Maleae
Gaultherieae
Subfamily
Amygdaloideae
Vaccinioideae
Number of Species
6141
1
27800
👆🏻