Life Span
Perennial
Biennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Tree
Origin
Southwestern United States, Texas, Mexico, Central America
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Types
Arbutus xalapensis
Yellow Birch, Paper Birch, River Birch
Number of Varieties
1040
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
limestone outcrops, Open Plains
Hills, Moist Soils
USDA Hardiness Zone
7-114-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
9-1
Sunset Zone
7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval/Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
640.00 cm2,133.60 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
795.00 cm762.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White, Ivory
Yellow, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Orange
Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Blue Green, Olive
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Blue Green, Olive
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Blue Green, Olive
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Leaf Color in Winter
Green, Blue Green, Olive
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic and Ovate
Pinnate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring, Late Winter
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do not water frequently
Requires watering in the growing season, Water daily during growing season, Water Deeply, Water more frequently during periods of extreme drought
In Summer
Drought Tolerant, Average Water
Lots of watering
In Spring
Average Water
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Remove branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove hanging branches
Fertilizers
-
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize twice a year, Nitrogen
Pests and Diseases
-
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Ants, Aphids, Birds
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
-
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Food for birds, Shelter for wildlife
Air purification, Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree, Shelter for wildlife, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Astringent
Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, Arthritis, Boils, bowel syndrome, Combats Stress, Diarrhea, Dysentry, Heart problems, Kidney Stones, Osteoarthritis, Skin Disorders, Urinary tract problems
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Wood
Bark, Leaves, Sap
Other Uses
Used for making wheel hubs, tool handles, Used for woodware
Medicinal oil, Used as essential oil
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edible, Feature Plant
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
ARBUTUS xalapensis
BETULA nigra 'Studetec'
Common Name
Lady's Leg, Manzanita, Texas Madrone
Black Birch, River Birch, Tecumseh Compact River Birch
In Hindi
Texas Madrone
काले बर्च वृक्ष
In German
Texas Madrone
Schwarze Birke
In French
Texas Madrone
Noir Bouleau
In Spanish
Arbutus xalapensis
Negro del árbol de abedul
In Greek
Texas Madrone
Μαύρο Birch Tree
In Portuguese
Texas Madrone
Bétula Preto
In Polish
Texas Madrone
Czarny Brzoza
In Latin
Texas Madrone
Niger Caerulus
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Ericales
Fagales
Family
Ericaceae
Betulaceae
Genus
Arbutus
Betula
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
140
1
27800
👆🏻