Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Grass
Tree
Origin
North America, Canada, Mexico
North America, Canada
Types
Panicum abscissum, Panicum acostia, Panicum amarum
Celtis africana, Celtis australis, Celtis bungeana
Number of Varieties
3870
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Prairies
bottomlands, limestone outcrops
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-92-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9 - 1
9-1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Spreading
Plant Size
Minimum Height
150.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
90.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Green
Green
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Purple
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green, Blue Green, Gray Green
Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Red, Green, Orange, Blue Green, Gray Green, Bronze
Light Yellow
Leaf Color in Winter
Tan, Sandy Brown
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Grass like
Toothed
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution, Soil Compaction
Drought, Heat Tolerance, Salt, Shade areas
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Root Division
Grafting, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Needs 2-3 times watering per week
In Summer
Lots of watering
Average Water
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Prune in spring, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove tight V-branching crotches
Fertilizers
Nitrogen
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Apply 10-10-10 amount, organic fertlizers
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Black sooty mold, Fungal Diseases, Powdery mildew, Red blotch, woolly aphid
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Soil Compaction
Shade areas
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Wildlife
Birds, Insects
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
-
Beauty Benefits
-
Slow downs aging
Edible Uses
Insignificant
Sometimes
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Provides ground cover, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes
Food for animals, Food for birds
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Colic, Diarrhea, Dysentry, Menstrual Disorders, Sore throat
Part of Plant Used
Leaves
Fruits, Pulp, Seeds, Wood
Other Uses
Cattle Fodder, Used as Biofuel
Food for animals, Used as a nutritious food item
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border
Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Botanical Name
PANICUM virgatum
CELTIS occidentalis
Common Name
Switchgrass
Common Hackberry, Hackberry
In Hindi
Switchgrass
HACKBERRY
In German
Switchgrass
Hackberry
In French
switchgrass
micocoulier
In Spanish
switchgrass
almez
In Greek
switchgrass
hackberry
In Portuguese
switchgrass
hackberry
In Polish
switchgrass
hackberry
In Latin
switchgrass
Hackberry
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Liliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Cyperales
Urticales
Family
Poaceae
Ulmaceae
Genus
Panicum
Celtis
Clade
Angiosperms, Commelinids, Monocots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Paniceae
-
Subfamily
Panicoideae
-
Number of Species
45070
1
27800
👆🏻