Life Span
Biennial or Perennial
Perennial
Type
Vegetable
Flowering Plants, Fruits, Herbs, Shrubs
Origin
Europe
Australia, South America
Types
Leaf beet, Seakettle beet, Spinach beet
Adams Elderberry, Black Beauty Elderberry, Black Lace Elderberry, Johns Elderberry, Nova Elderberry
Number of Varieties
60
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Cultivated Beds
Farms, Homesteads, Near organic waste disposal
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-84-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17
Habit
Clump-Forming
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.00 cm9.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
30.50 cm8.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Red, Green
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Tan
Purple, Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green, Green, Orange, Red, White, Yellow
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
White, Yellow, Red, Green, Orange, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
White, Yellow, Red, Green, Orange, Dark Green
Yellow green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Heart-shaped
Compound
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Early Spring
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Part sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
Slightly Acidic
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Early Spring, Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Pollution
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Grafting, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs
Requires regular watering, Use Mulches to help prevent water loss during hot and windy weather
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
Slightly Acidic
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Part sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Cut or pinch the stems, No pruning needed in the early stages, Prune for shortening long shoots, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune in winter, Prune ocassionally, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
Apply 10-10-10 amount
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Cercospora leaf spot, Damping off, Darkling beetles, Downy mildew
Canker, Leaf spot, Powdery mildew, Stem spot, Tomato Ringspot Virus
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Coarse
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Insects
Birds
Allergy
dark circles, Diarrhea, Runny nose, Vomiting, wheezing
Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Ground Cover
-
Beauty Benefits
Moisturizing, Remove blemishes, Slow downs aging, Speed hair growth
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Antitumor, Carminative, Haemostatic, Stomachic, Tonic
constipation, Fever, Heart problems, High cholestrol, HIV/AIDS, Nerve pain, swine flu
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Root
Flowers, Fruits
Other Uses
Cultivated for fodder, Eaten as a pot herb, Used to make juice
-
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Bedding Plant, Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable, Mixed Border
-
Botanical Name
BETA vulgaris ssp. cicla
Sambucus nigra
Common Name
Swiss Chard
Elderberry
In Hindi
Swiss Chard
Elderberry
In German
Swiss Chard
Holunderbeere
In French
Chard suisse
Sureau
In Spanish
Acelgas
Saúco
In Greek
Σέσκουλο
Elderberry
In Portuguese
Acelga suíça
Sabugueiro
In Polish
Boćwina
Bez czarny
In Latin
Swiss Chard
Elderberry
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Caryophyllales
Dipsacales
Family
Chenopodiaceae
Adoxaceae
Genus
Beta
Sambucus
Clade
Angiosperms, Core eudicots, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
Cyclolobeae
-
Subfamily
Betoideae
-
Number of Species
330
1
27800
👆🏻