Life Span
Biennial or Perennial
Biennial
Type
Vegetable
Tree
Origin
Europe
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Types
Leaf beet, Seakettle beet, Spinach beet
Yellow Birch, Paper Birch, River Birch
Number of Varieties
640
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Cultivated Beds
Hills, Moist Soils
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-84-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-1
9-1
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.00 cm2,133.60 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
30.50 cm762.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Red, Green
Yellow, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Tan
Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green, Green, Orange, Red, White, Yellow
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
White, Yellow, Red, Green, Orange, Dark Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
White, Yellow, Red, Green, Orange, Dark Green
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Leaf Color in Winter
-
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Heart-shaped
Pinnate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs
Requires watering in the growing season, Water daily during growing season, Water Deeply, Water more frequently during periods of extreme drought
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove hanging branches
Fertilizers
Apply 10-10-10 amount
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize twice a year, Nitrogen
Pests and Diseases
Cercospora leaf spot, Damping off, Darkling beetles, Downy mildew
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Coarse
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Insects
Ants, Aphids, Birds
Allergy
dark circles, Diarrhea, Runny nose, Vomiting, wheezing
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Ground Cover
-
Beauty Benefits
Moisturizing, Remove blemishes, Slow downs aging, Speed hair growth
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree, Shelter for wildlife, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Antitumor, Carminative, Haemostatic, Stomachic, Tonic
Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, Arthritis, Boils, bowel syndrome, Combats Stress, Diarrhea, Dysentry, Heart problems, Kidney Stones, Osteoarthritis, Skin Disorders, Urinary tract problems
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Root
Bark, Leaves, Sap
Other Uses
Cultivated for fodder, Eaten as a pot herb, Used to make juice
Medicinal oil, Used as essential oil
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Bedding Plant, Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable, Mixed Border
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
BETA vulgaris ssp. cicla
BETULA nigra 'Studetec'
Common Name
Swiss Chard
Black Birch, River Birch, Tecumseh Compact River Birch
In Hindi
Swiss Chard
काले बर्च वृक्ष
In German
Swiss Chard
Schwarze Birke
In French
Chard suisse
Noir Bouleau
In Spanish
Acelgas
Negro del árbol de abedul
In Greek
Σέσκουλο
Μαύρο Birch Tree
In Portuguese
Acelga suíça
Bétula Preto
In Polish
Boćwina
Czarny Brzoza
In Latin
Swiss Chard
Niger Caerulus
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Caryophyllales
Fagales
Family
Chenopodiaceae
Betulaceae
Genus
Beta
Betula
Clade
Angiosperms, Core eudicots, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Cyclolobeae
-
Subfamily
Betoideae
-
Number of Species
340
1
27800
👆🏻