1 What is
1.1 Life Span
1.2 Type
1.3 Origin
North America
Central Asia, Southern Asia, Western Ghats, India
1.4 Types
Not Available
congesta, paucinervia
1.4.1 Number of Varieties
1.5 Habitat
Damp shady woods, Wet ground, Wet lands
Fertile bottom land, moist forests, Temperate Regions, Tropical Forests
1.6 USDA Hardiness Zone
1.7 AHS Heat Zone
1.8 Sunset Zone
1.9 Habit
Arching/Fountain-shaped
Upright/Erect
2 Information
2.1 Plant Size
2.1.1 Minimum Height
60.00 cm120.00 cm
0.54
3900
2.1.2 Minimum Width
60.00 cm120.00 cm
0.1
6350
2.2 Plant Color
2.2.1 Flower Color
Non Flowering Plant
Pale White, White
2.2.2 Flower Color Modifier
2.2.3 Fruit Color
Non Fruiting Plant
Purple, Black
2.2.4 Leaf Color in Spring
2.2.5 Leaf Color in Summer
2.2.6 Leaf Color in Fall
2.2.7 Leaf Color in Winter
Not Available
Light Green
2.3 Shape
2.3.1 Leaf Shape
2.4 Thorns
3 Season
3.1 Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall
3.2 Growing Conditions
3.2.1 Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
3.2.2 Growth Rate
3.2.3 Type of Soil
3.2.4 The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
3.2.5 Soil Drainage
Poorly Drained
Well drained
3.2.6 Bloom Time
Fall, Spring, Summer
Spring
3.2.7 Repeat Bloomer
3.3 Tolerances
4 Care
4.1 Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
4.2 How to Plant?
From Rhizomes
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
4.3 Plant Maintenance
4.4 Watering Plants
4.4.1 Watering Requirements
Water Deeply, Water in morning to avoid prompting diseases, Water occasionally, Water slowly, and allow to dry completely between soakings
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged
4.4.2 In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
4.4.3 In Spring
4.4.4 In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
4.5 Soil
4.5.1 Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
4.5.2 Soil Type
4.5.3 Soil Drainage Capacity
Poorly Drained
Well drained
4.6 Sun Exposure
Full Shade, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
4.7 Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Remove dead leaves
4.8 Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Compost, fertilize in growing season
4.9 Pests and Diseases
Leaf curl, Leaf rust, Red blotch, Scale, Scale insects
Aphids, Earwigs, Insects, Mildew, Red blotch, Rust, sawflies
4.10 Plant Tolerance
Drought
Dry soil, Heat And Humidity
5 Facts
5.1 Flowers
5.1.1 Flower Petal Number
5.2 Fruits
5.2.1 Showy Fruit
5.2.2 Edible Fruit
5.3 Fragrance
5.3.1 Fragrant Flower
5.3.2 Fragrant Fruit
5.3.3 Fragrant Leaf
5.3.4 Fragrant Bark/Stem
5.4 Showy Foliage
5.5 Showy Bark
5.6 Foliage Texture
5.7 Foliage Sheen
5.8 Evergreen
5.9 Invasive
5.10 Self-Sowing
5.11 Attracts
Butterflies
Birds, Butterflies, Fruit Bats
5.12 Allergy
Not Available
Eczema, Mouth itching, Throat itching
6 Benefits
6.1 Uses
6.1.1 Aesthetic Uses
Bog Garden, Borders
Not Available
6.1.2 Beauty Benefits
Not Available
good for lips, Remove blemishes
6.1.3 Edible Uses
6.1.4 Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Food for animals, Food for birds, soil stabilisation
6.2 Plant Benefits
6.2.1 Medicinal Uses
Not Available
Anemia, Diuretic, Potassium, Rich in Iron, Vitamin C
6.2.2 Part of Plant Used
Not Available
Fruits, Leaves
6.2.3 Other Uses
Not Available
Added to salads, Cosmetics, Culinary use, Used as a nutritious food item, Used As Food, Used for its medicinal properties
6.3 Used As Indoor Plant
6.4 Used As Outdoor Plant
6.5 Garden Design
Groundcover, Mixed Border
Edible, Fruit / Fruit Tree, Hedges
7 Scientific Name
7.1 Botanical Name
THELYPTERIS kunthii
Carissa carandas
7.2 Common Name
Kunth's maiden fern, southern shield fern, maiden ferns
Black Currant
7.2.1 In Hindi
Southern Shield Fern
करोंदा, कालि मैना
7.2.2 In German
Southern Shield Fern
Carandas
7.2.3 In French
Southern Shield Fern
karondas
7.2.4 In Spanish
Southern Shield Fern
karondas
7.2.5 In Greek
Southern Shield Fern
karondas
7.2.6 In Portuguese
Southern Shield Fern
karondas
7.2.7 In Polish
Southern Shield Fern
karondas
7.2.8 In Latin
Southern Shield Fern
karondas
8 Classification
8.1 Kingdom
8.2 Phylum
Angiosperms
Magnoliophyta
8.3 Class
Polypodiopsida
Magnoliopsida
8.4 Order
8.5 Family
Thelypteridaceae
Apocynaceae
8.6 Genus
8.7 Clade
Not Available
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
8.8 Tribe
Not Available
Not Available
8.9 Subfamily
Not Available
Not Available
8.10 Number of Species