Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Tree
Origin
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Eastern Asia
Types
-
Black Spruce, Norway Spruce, Colorodo Spruce
Number of Varieties
335
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
bottomlands, Depression on prairies, ditches, Floodplains, Riverbanks, stream banks, Swamps
By seashore, Humid climates, Temperate Regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-96-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
8-2
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
A3, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,220.00 cm460.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1,220.00 cm460.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Brown
Red
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Black
Red, Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Light Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Red, Crimson
Leaf Color in Winter
-
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval with a pointed tip and fine teeth along their edges
Acicular
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Spring
Early Spring, Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Light Frost
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings, Spores
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires a lot of watering, Requires regular watering
Needs less watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Prune in the late winter or spring, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Shape and thin as needed
Prune when young, Remove dead branches
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, No need to fertilize every year
slow-release fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Red blotch, Sawfly Larvae
Aphids, Birds, Snails
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Light Frost
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
Ants, Fruit Bats, Snails, Squirrels
Allergy
Asthma
Constipation, Diarrhea, Dizziness, Sore eyes
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
For treating wrinkles, Making cosmetics, Speed hair growth
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control, Wildlife
Agroforestry, Air purification, Nesting sites for birds, soil stabilisation
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
anti-inflammatory, Back pain, Emollient, Immunity, Obesity
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Leaf Stalks, Root
Other Uses
used for making roof trusses, poles, joists, piles, Used in construction, Used in Furniture
Constructing Boats, Making piano frames, Used as fuel, Used in Furniture, Used in making musical instruments, Used in paper industry, Used in pencil industry
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Container, Feature Plant, Mixed Border, Topiary / Bonsai / Espalier
Botanical Name
BETULA nigra
ACER palmatum 'Osakazuki'
Common Name
River Birch
Japanese Maple, Osakasuki Japanese Maple
In Hindi
River Birch
सरल
In German
Fluss Birch
Fichten
In French
Birch river
Picea
In Spanish
river Birch
Picea
In Greek
ποταμός Birch
Spruce
In Portuguese
river Birch
Picea
In Polish
Rzeka Birch
Świerk
In Latin
Betula
Picea
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Pinophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Pinopsida
Order
Fagales
Pinales
Family
Betulaceae
Aceraceae
Genus
Betula
Picea
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
-
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
Piceoideae
Number of Species
335
1
27800
👆🏻