Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Aquatics
Origin
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Australia
Types
-
-
Number of Varieties
31
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
bottomlands, Depression on prairies, ditches, Floodplains, Riverbanks, stream banks, Swamps
along watercourse, Banks, Lake Sides, Near ponds
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-97-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
12-6
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
21,22
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Spreading
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,220.00 cm250.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1,220.00 cm610.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Brown
-
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Black
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Light Green, Dark Red
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Light Green
Light Green, Dark Red
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Light Green, Dark Red
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Light Green, Gray Green, Dark Red
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval with a pointed tip and fine teeth along their edges
Round
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Very Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Poorly Drained
Bloom Time
Spring
-
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Wet Site
Where to Plant?
Ground
In Water
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Spores
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires a lot of watering, Requires regular watering
Keep immersed in water
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Poorly Drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Prune in the late winter or spring, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Shape and thin as needed
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, No need to fertilize every year
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Red blotch, Sawfly Larvae
-
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Drought
Flowers
Showy
-
Flower Petal Number
-
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
Frogs
Allergy
Asthma
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes, Water gardening
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control, Wildlife
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
-
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Seeds, Spores
Other Uses
used for making roof trusses, poles, joists, piles, Used in construction, Used in Furniture
Decoration Purposes, Starch
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Container, Water Gardens
Botanical Name
BETULA nigra
MARSILEA mutica
Common Name
River Birch
Banded Nardoo, Banded Water Clover, Pepperwort
In Hindi
River Birch
Pepperwort
In German
Fluss Birch
Pepperwort
In French
Birch river
Pepperwort
In Spanish
river Birch
Pepperwort
In Greek
ποταμός Birch
Pepperwort
In Portuguese
river Birch
Pepperwort
In Polish
Rzeka Birch
Pepperwort
In Latin
Betula
Pepperwort
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Charophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Equisetopsida
Order
Fagales
-
Family
Betulaceae
Marsileaceae
Genus
Betula
Marsilea
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Lapidieae
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
365
1
27800
👆🏻