Life Span
Perennial
Annual
Type
Tree
Flowering Plants
Origin
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Asia, Europe
Types
-
Blue & Purple Rain viola, Bowles' Black pansy, Fizzy Lemonberry pansy, Karma Yellow pansy
Number of Varieties
3150
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
bottomlands, Depression on prairies, ditches, Floodplains, Riverbanks, stream banks, Swamps
Fields, gardens, meadows, rocky outcrops, wastelands
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-94-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
9-1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Cushion/Mound-forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,220.00 cm1.50 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1,220.00 cm0.75 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Brown
Blue, Orange, Pink, Red, White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Black
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Light Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval with a pointed tip and fine teeth along their edges
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Fall, Spring, Summer, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Rich, Well drained
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring
Fall, Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires a lot of watering, Requires regular watering
It cannot sustain wet-feet, Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Requires regular watering, Use and maintain water-efficient soaker hoses
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Rich, Well drained
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Prune in the late winter or spring, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Shape and thin as needed
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune after flowering, Prune for shortening long shoots, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, No need to fertilize every year
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Red blotch, Sawfly Larvae
Aphids, Crown rot, Downy mildew, Gray mold, Mosaic viruses, Powdery mildew, Root rot, Slugs, Snails, Spot anthracnose
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
-
Allergy
Asthma
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Beautification, Bouquets, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control, Wildlife
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Asthma, epilepsy, Heart problems
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
used for making roof trusses, poles, joists, piles, Used in construction, Used in Furniture
-
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Bedding Plant, Feature Plant, Foundation
Botanical Name
BETULA nigra
Viola tricolor var. hortensis
Common Name
River Birch
Pansy
In Hindi
River Birch
स्रीवत
In German
Fluss Birch
Stiefmütterchen
In French
Birch river
Pensée
In Spanish
river Birch
Pensamiento
In Greek
ποταμός Birch
πανσές
In Portuguese
river Birch
amor-perfeito
In Polish
Rzeka Birch
Bratek
In Latin
Betula
Cinaede fill
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Anthophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Fagales
Malpighiales
Family
Betulaceae
Violaceae
Genus
Betula
Viola
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
-
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
3300
1
27800
👆🏻