Life Span
Perennial
Annual
Type
Tree
Tender Perennial
Origin
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Mediterranean, Turkey, Canary Islands, Africa, Southern Africa, Madagascar, South Africa, Iraq, Iran, Western Asia
Types
-
'Americana Bright Red' geranium, 'Allure Light Pink' geranium, 'Candy Cherry' geranium, 'Elegance Imperial' regal geranium
Habitat
bottomlands, Depression on prairies, ditches, Floodplains, Riverbanks, stream banks, Swamps
Mediterranean region
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-9
12-15
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Clump-Forming
Flower Color
Yellow, Brown
White, Red, Purple, Orange, Pink, Rose, Salmon, Orange Red
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
White, Yellow, Red, Green, Purple, Dark Green, Bronze, Orange Red, Ivory
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Light Green
White, Yellow, Red, Green, Purple, Dark Green, Bronze, Orange Red, Ivory
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
White, Yellow, Red, Green, Purple, Dark Green, Bronze, Orange Red, Ivory
Leaf Shape
Oval with a pointed tip and fine teeth along their edges
Reniform
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring
Indeterminate
Tolerances
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Grafting, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Requirements
Requires a lot of watering, Requires regular watering
Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Water Deeply, Water twice a day in the initial period
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Prune in the late winter or spring, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Shape and thin as needed
Cut or pinch the stems, No pruning needed in the early stages, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune in spring, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove shoots
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, No need to fertilize every year
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Red blotch, Sawfly Larvae
Alternaria Leaf Spot, Bacterial Blight, Bacterial Fasciation, Bacterial leaf spot, Blackleg, Botrytis Blight, Edema, Gray mold, Pseudomonas Leaf Spot, Southern Bacterial Wilt, Stem spot, Verticillium Wilt, Viruses
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Drought
Flower Petal Number
-
Single, Double, Semi-Double
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
Yes
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Allergy
Asthma
Sinuses, Throat itching
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Beautification, Bouquets, Showy Purposes, Used for decorating walls, fences, gates, hedges, etc.
Environmental Uses
Erosion control, Wildlife
Air purification
Medicinal Uses
-
Antibacterial, Diabetes, Inflammation
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Flowers, Whole plant
Other Uses
used for making roof trusses, poles, joists, piles, Used in construction, Used in Furniture
Oil is used in perfume, soaps, creams, etc., Used as Ornamental plant, Used for fragrance
Used As Indoor Plant
No
Yes
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
Yes
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Alpine, Bedding Plant, Container, Edging, Foundation, Hanging Basket, Houseplant, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall, Topiary / Bonsai / Espalier, Tropical
Botanical Name
BETULA nigra
PELARGONIUM
Common Name
River Birch
Florist Geranium, Geranium
In Hindi
River Birch
Geranium
In German
Fluss Birch
Geranie
In French
Birch river
Géranium
In Spanish
river Birch
Geranio
In Greek
ποταμός Birch
γεράνι
In Portuguese
river Birch
Gerânio
In Polish
Rzeka Birch
Pelargonia
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Family
Betulaceae
Geraniaceae
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids