Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Tree
Origin
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, South-Central United States, Texas, Canada
Types
-
Japanese beech, European beech
Number of Varieties
318
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
bottomlands, Depression on prairies, ditches, Floodplains, Riverbanks, stream banks, Swamps
low mountains, shaded woods
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-94-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
9-1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,220.00 cm800.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1,220.00 cm500.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Brown
Yellow green, Tan
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Black
Sandy Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Light Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Gold, Tan, Sandy Brown
Leaf Color in Winter
-
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval with a pointed tip and fine teeth along their edges
Lanceolate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Slow
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Well drained
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Spring
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Dry soil, Full Sun, Salt and Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires a lot of watering, Requires regular watering
Needs very little water, occasional watering once established
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Prune in the late winter or spring, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Shape and thin as needed
Cut upper 1/3 section when young to enhancegrowth, Prune to control growth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, No need to fertilize every year
Compost, Fertilize the soil before planting
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Red blotch, Sawfly Larvae
Aphids, Beech bark disease, fungus, Mildew, Scale
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Drought, Full Sun, Salt and Soil Compaction
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
-
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
Bees, Birds, Hummingbirds, songbirds
Allergy
Asthma
Itchiness, Pulmonary oedema, Sinuses
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Speed hair growth, Stops hair loss
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control, Wildlife
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Wild areas
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Antioxidants, Antiseptic, Digestion problems, Headache, Kidney problems, Pain killer
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Leaves, Sap, Wood
Other Uses
used for making roof trusses, poles, joists, piles, Used in construction, Used in Furniture
Decorative veneers, flooring, paneling, Grown for shade, Used as firewood, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties, Wood is used for making furniture
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
BETULA nigra
FAGUS sylvatica
Common Name
River Birch
European Beech
In Hindi
River Birch
यूरोपीय बीच
In German
Fluss Birch
Rotbuche
In French
Birch river
Hêtre commun
In Spanish
river Birch
Fagus sylvatica
In Greek
ποταμός Birch
Ευρωπαϊκή οξιάς
In Portuguese
river Birch
Faia-europeia
In Polish
Rzeka Birch
Buk zwyczajny
In Latin
Betula
Europae fagi
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Fagales
Fagales
Family
Betulaceae
Fagaceae
Genus
Betula
Fagus
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
313
1
27800
👆🏻