Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Tree
Origin
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Western United States, Northwestern United States, Alaska, Canada
Asia, Caribbean, Central America
Types
-
-
Number of Varieties
220
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Forest margins, Thickets
secondary forest, Tropical Forests
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-73-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Pyramidal
Plant Size
Minimum Height
370.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
430.00 cm760.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Ivory
Light Yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red
Gray Green, Sandy Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Green
Yellow, Light Yellow, Yellow green, Sandy Brown, Ivory
Leaf Color in Winter
-
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Lanceolate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Spring
Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Pollution, Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Transplanting
Grafting, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist
Average Water Needs
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove dead leaves
Prune in the growing season, pruning needed for strong structure, Remove dead branches
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost, High phosphorus
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial leaf spot, Cane Spot, fungus, Powdery mildew, Viruses
Aphids, Downy mildew, Leaf rust, Mites, Squirrels
Plant Tolerance
-
Salt and Soil Compaction, Sun
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Butterflies
Butterflies, Hummingbirds, Squirrels
Allergy
-
Nausea, Vomiting
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
-
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin
Anti-ageing, Maintains teeth healthy, Remove blemishes
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Food for birds, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes, soil stabilisation
Air purification, Food for animals, Food for birds, Shelter for wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cold, Fever
Antibiotic, anti-cancer, Anti-oxidant, Cardiovascular problems, Diarrhea, Fever, Improve heart health
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Fruits
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Culinary use, Grown for shade, Oil is used in perfume, soaps, creams, etc., Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Screening / Wind Break
Feature Plant, Fruit / Fruit Tree, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
Sambucus racemosa
Annona reticulate
Common Name
Red Elderberry, Red-berried Elderberry
wild-sweetsop, bullock's-heart, ox-heart
In Hindi
Red Elderberry
ramphal
In German
Rote Holunder
Netzannone
In French
Red sureau
cachiman, cœur de bœuf
In Spanish
La baya del saúco roja
Annona reticulata
In Greek
κόκκινο Elderberry
Ramphal
In Portuguese
Red Elderberry
coração-de-boi
In Polish
Red Elderberry
Flaszowiec siatkowaty
In Latin
pubens
Ramphal
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Dipsacales
Magnoliales
Family
Caprifoliaceae
Tiliaceae
Genus
Sambucus
Annona
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Magnoliids
Tribe
-
Annoneae
Subfamily
-
Annonoideae
Number of Species
7170
1
27800
👆🏻