Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Perennial
Origin
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Western United States, Northwestern United States, Alaska, Canada
Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Types
-
-
Number of Varieties
230
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Forest margins, Thickets
Roadsides, sand dunes, Waste areas
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-75-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
370.00 cm610.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
430.00 cm460.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Ivory
White, Ivory
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red
Tan
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Oblong
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Spring
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Variety of soil types
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Transplanting
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Water more in summer
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize in growing season
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial leaf spot, Cane Spot, fungus, Powdery mildew, Viruses
Slugs, Snails
Plant Tolerance
-
Variety of soil types
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Butterflies
Insects
Allergy
-
Abdominal pain, Constipation, Diarrhea, Skin irritation
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Beautification, Borders, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin
Good for skin, Making cosmetics, Stops hair loss
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Food for birds, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes, soil stabilisation
Air purification, Food for insects, Versatility
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cold, Fever
Eczema
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Root
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Decoration Purposes, Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Screening / Wind Break
Edging, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
Sambucus racemosa
Primula mistassinica
Common Name
Red Elderberry, Red-berried Elderberry
Mistassini primrose, Lake Mistassini primrose, bird's-eye primrose
In Hindi
Red Elderberry
Mistassini Primrose
In German
Rote Holunder
Mistassini Primrose
In French
Red sureau
Primrose Mistassini
In Spanish
La baya del saúco roja
Mistassini Primrose
In Greek
κόκκινο Elderberry
Mistassini Primrose
In Portuguese
Red Elderberry
Mistassini Primrose
In Polish
Red Elderberry
Mistassini Primrose
In Latin
pubens
Mistassini Primrose
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Dipsacales
Myrtales
Family
Caprifoliaceae
Onagraceae
Genus
Sambucus
Oenothera
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Onagreae
Subfamily
-
Onagroideae
Number of Species
7145
1
27800
👆🏻