Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Perennial
Origin
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Western United States, Northwestern United States, Alaska, Canada
-
Types
-
-
Number of Varieties
250
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Forest margins, Thickets
Cold Regions, Temperate Regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-74-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Cushion/Mound-forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
370.00 cm20.30 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
430.00 cm27.90 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Ivory
Blue, Lavender
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Red
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Purple
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green, Purple
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Green
Green, Purple
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Linear
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Late Spring
Early Spring, Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Transplanting
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist
Average Water Needs, Keep ground moist, Water more in summer
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, as it is a flowering plant, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial leaf spot, Cane Spot, fungus, Powdery mildew, Viruses
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
-
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Butterflies
Butterflies
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Beautification, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Food for birds, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes, soil stabilisation
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cold, Fever
Black Dyes
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
-
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
-
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Screening / Wind Break
Feature Plant, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall, Wildflower
Botanical Name
Sambucus racemosa
Polemonium caeruleum
Common Name
Red Elderberry, Red-berried Elderberry
Jacob's Ladder
In Hindi
Red Elderberry
Jacob's Ladder
In German
Rote Holunder
Jacob's Ladder
In French
Red sureau
Jacob's Ladder
In Spanish
La baya del saúco roja
Jacob's Ladder
In Greek
κόκκινο Elderberry
Jacob's Ladder
In Portuguese
Red Elderberry
Jacob's Ladder
In Polish
Red Elderberry
Jacob's Ladder
In Latin
pubens
Jacob's Ladder
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Dipsacales
Ericales
Family
Caprifoliaceae
Polemoniaceae
Genus
Sambucus
Polemonium
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
740
1
27800
👆🏻