Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Tree
Origin
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Western United States, Northwestern United States, Alaska, Canada
Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, Canada, Mexico
Types
-
Plains Cottonwood, Rio Grande cottonwood
Number of Varieties
25
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Forest margins, Thickets
bottomlands, Floodplain, Hardwood forests, Riverbanks
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-73-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
9-1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
370.00 cm3,050.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
430.00 cm2,130.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Ivory
Red, Green
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red
White
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Gray
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Green
Yellow
Leaf Color in Winter
-
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Toothed curved and flat petiole
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Very Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Late Spring
Early Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Drought, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Transplanting
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist
Keep ground moist, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season, Water daily during growing season, Water Deeply, Water more in summer
In Summer
Lots of watering
Ample Water
In Spring
Moderate
Ample Water
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Pruning
Remove dead leaves
Remove dead branches, Remove hanging branches
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
fertilize in growing season, Nitrogen
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial leaf spot, Cane Spot, fungus, Powdery mildew, Viruses
Aphids, Borers, Caterpillars, Insects
Plant Tolerance
-
Drought, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Flowers
Showy
-
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
Sometimes
Sometimes
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Butterflies
-
Allergy
-
Hay fever, Headache, Runny nose, sneezing
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Landscape Designing
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Food for birds, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes, soil stabilisation
Air purification, Forms dense stands, Prevent Soil Erosion, Shadow Tree, Shelter for wildlife, Wildlife, Windbreak
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cold, Fever
Anodyne, Anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, Febrifuge
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Inner Bark, Leaves, Seeds
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Biomass for fuel, Used as firewood, Used As Food
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Screening / Wind Break
Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
Sambucus racemosa
POPULUS deltoides
Common Name
Red Elderberry, Red-berried Elderberry
Eastern Cottonwood
In Hindi
Red Elderberry
Eastern Cottonwood
In German
Rote Holunder
Eastern Cottonwood
In French
Red sureau
Cottonwood Orient
In Spanish
La baya del saúco roja
Cottonwood del Este
In Greek
κόκκινο Elderberry
Ανατολική Cottonwood
In Portuguese
Red Elderberry
Cottonwood Oriental
In Polish
Red Elderberry
Eastern Cottonwood
In Latin
pubens
Orientalium Poplar
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Anthophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Dicotyledonae
Order
Dipsacales
Salicales
Family
Caprifoliaceae
Salicaceae
Genus
Sambucus
Populus
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
Salicoideae
Number of Species
73
1
27800
👆🏻