Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Tree
Origin
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Western United States, Northwestern United States, Alaska, Canada
Mexico, Central America
Types
-
Criollo, Forastero, Trinitario
Number of Varieties
23
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Forest margins, Thickets
Lowland, Tropical rainforest, Tropical regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-711-15
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
12-10
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
H1, H2
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
370.00 cm610.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
430.00 cm370.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Ivory
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red
Gold, Burgundy, Dark Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Light Green, Dark Green, Pink, Copper
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Light Green, Dark Green, Copper
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Broad, Unlobed
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Spring
Indeterminate
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Transplanting
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist
Keep ground moist, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove dead leaves
Prune to stimulate growth, Prune twice a year, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
Ammonia sulphate, Nitrogen
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial leaf spot, Cane Spot, fungus, Powdery mildew, Viruses
Borers, Insects, Phytophthora, Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
-
Shade areas, Wet Site
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Butterflies
-
Allergy
-
Diabetes, Diarrhea
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
-
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Food for birds, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes, soil stabilisation
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cold, Fever
Anti-oxidant, Antioxidants, Asthma, Cancer, Cardiovascular problems, constipation, High cholestrol, Wounds
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Leaves, Seeds
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Employed in herbal medicine, Used for its medicinal properties, Used in making beverages
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Screening / Wind Break
Edible, Feature Plant, Fruit / Fruit Tree, Shade Trees, Tropical
Botanical Name
Sambucus racemosa
THEOBROMA cacao
Common Name
Red Elderberry, Red-berried Elderberry
Cacao, Chocolate, Cocoa
In Hindi
Red Elderberry
कोको संयंत्र
In German
Rote Holunder
Kakaopflanze
In French
Red sureau
usine de cacao
In Spanish
La baya del saúco roja
planta del cacao
In Greek
κόκκινο Elderberry
φυτό του κακάο
In Portuguese
Red Elderberry
planta do cacau
In Polish
Red Elderberry
Kakao roślin
In Latin
pubens
Cocos herba
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Dipsacales
Malvales
Family
Caprifoliaceae
Sterculiaceae
Genus
Sambucus
Theobroma
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Theobromeae
Subfamily
-
Byttneroideae
Number of Species
722
1
27800
👆🏻