1 What is
1.1 Life Span
1.2 Type
1.3 Origin
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Western United States, Northwestern United States, Alaska, Canada
Hybrid origin
1.4 Types
not available
Not Available
1.4.1 Number of Varieties
1.5 Habitat
Forest margins, Thickets
All sorts of environments
1.6 USDA Hardiness Zone
1.7 AHS Heat Zone
1.8 Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1.9 Habit
Oval or Rounded
Twisted/Contorted
2 Information
2.1 Plant Size
2.1.1 Minimum Height
370.00 cm460.00 cm
0.54
3900
2.1.2 Minimum Width
430.00 cm240.00 cm
0.1
6350
2.2 Plant Color
2.2.1 Flower Color
2.2.2 Flower Color Modifier
2.2.3 Fruit Color
2.2.4 Leaf Color in Spring
2.2.5 Leaf Color in Summer
2.2.6 Leaf Color in Fall
2.2.7 Leaf Color in Winter
2.3 Shape
2.3.1 Leaf Shape
2.4 Thorns
3 Season
3.1 Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
3.2 Growing Conditions
3.2.1 Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
3.2.2 Growth Rate
3.2.3 Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
3.2.4 The pH of Soil
3.2.5 Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
3.2.6 Bloom Time
Late Spring
Spring, Late Spring, Fall, Late Fall, Early Winter
3.2.7 Repeat Bloomer
3.3 Tolerances
Not Available
Drought, Salt
4 Care
4.1 Where to Plant?
4.2 How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Transplanting
Budding, Seedlings, Stem Cutting
4.3 Plant Maintenance
4.4 Watering Plants
4.4.1 Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Average Water Needs
4.4.2 In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
4.4.3 In Spring
4.4.4 In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
4.5 Soil
4.5.1 Soil pH
4.5.2 Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
4.5.3 Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
4.6 Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
4.7 Pruning
Remove dead leaves
Cut leaves after fall, Cut upper 1/3 section when young to enhancegrowth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
4.8 Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost, fertilize in growing season
4.9 Pests and Diseases
Bacterial leaf spot, Cane Spot, fungus, Powdery mildew, Viruses
Aphids, Bacteria wilt, Fungal Diseases, Rats, Red blotch
4.10 Plant Tolerance
Not Available
Dry soil, Salt and Soil Compaction, Shallow soil
5 Facts
5.1 Flowers
5.1.1 Flower Petal Number
5.2 Fruits
5.2.1 Showy Fruit
5.2.2 Edible Fruit
5.3 Fragrance
5.3.1 Fragrant Flower
5.3.2 Fragrant Fruit
5.3.3 Fragrant Leaf
5.3.4 Fragrant Bark/Stem
5.4 Showy Foliage
5.5 Showy Bark
5.6 Foliage Texture
5.7 Foliage Sheen
5.8 Evergreen
5.9 Invasive
5.10 Self-Sowing
5.11 Attracts
5.12 Allergy
Not Available
allergic conjunctivitis, Itchy eyes, Respiratory problems
6 Benefits
6.1 Uses
6.1.1 Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Beautification, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes
6.1.2 Beauty Benefits
Good for skin
Beautiful Skin, Good for the Scalp, Moisturizing, Remove blemishes
6.1.3 Edible Uses
6.1.4 Environmental Uses
Food for birds, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes, soil stabilisation
Absorbs greenhouse gases, Food for animals, Insect Repellent, Prevent Soil Erosion, Shadow Tree
6.2 Plant Benefits
6.2.1 Medicinal Uses
Cold, Fever
Acne, Dysentry, Nutritive, osteoporosis
6.2.2 Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Flowers, Fruits, Leaves
6.2.3 Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Animal Feed, Application in Handicrafts, Biomass for fuel, Oil is used for aromatherapy
6.3 Used As Indoor Plant
6.4 Used As Outdoor Plant
6.5 Garden Design
Screening / Wind Break
Feature Plant, Mixed Border
7 Scientific Name
7.1 Botanical Name
Sambucus racemosa
Arbutus menziesii
7.2 Common Name
Red Elderberry, Red-berried Elderberry
Arbutus
7.2.1 In Hindi
7.2.2 In German
Rote Holunder
Erdbeerbaum
7.2.3 In French
7.2.4 In Spanish
La baya del saúco roja
Arbitus
7.2.5 In Greek
κόκκινο Elderberry
κουμαριά
7.2.6 In Portuguese
7.2.7 In Polish
7.2.8 In Latin
8 Classification
8.1 Kingdom
8.2 Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
8.3 Class
Magnoliopsida
Not Available
8.4 Order
8.5 Family
8.6 Genus
8.7 Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
8.8 Tribe
Not Available
Not Available
8.9 Subfamily
Not Available
Arbutoideae
8.10 Number of Species