Life Span
Perennial
Annual
Type
Tree
Flowering Plants
Origin
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, Texas, Canada
Asia, Europe
Types
-
Blue & Purple Rain viola, Bowles' Black pansy, Fizzy Lemonberry pansy, Karma Yellow pansy
Number of Varieties
25150
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Wet lands
Fields, gardens, meadows, rocky outcrops, wastelands
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-94-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
9-1
Sunset Zone
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Cushion/Mound-forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
240.00 cm1.50 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
300.00 cm0.75 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow green
Blue, Orange, Pink, Red, White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Light Yellow, Ivory
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Orange, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Red, Orange, Orange Red
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Pinnate
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer, Fall
Fall, Spring, Summer, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Rich, Well drained
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer
Fall, Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Wet Site
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
From Rhizomes, Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
-
It cannot sustain wet-feet, Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Requires regular watering, Use and maintain water-efficient soaker hoses
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Rich, Well drained
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune after flowering, Prune for shortening long shoots, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
-
Aphids, Crown rot, Downy mildew, Gray mold, Mosaic viruses, Powdery mildew, Root rot, Slugs, Snails, Spot anthracnose
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
-
Allergy
Irritate the mucus membrane, Rash, Skin irritation
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Beautification, Bouquets, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Asthma, epilepsy, Heart problems
Part of Plant Used
Sap
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
Used to make a black varnish for use in woodworking
-
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
Bedding Plant, Feature Plant, Foundation
Botanical Name
TOXICODENDRON vernix
Viola tricolor var. hortensis
Common Name
Poison Dogwood, Poison Elderberry, Poison Sumac, Swamp Sumac
Pansy
In Hindi
toxicodendron vernix
स्रीवत
In German
toxicodendron vernix
Stiefmütterchen
In French
TOXICODENDRON vernix
Pensée
In Spanish
vérnix TOXICODENDRON
Pensamiento
In Greek
Toxicodendron vernix
πανσές
In Portuguese
TOXICODENDRON vernix
amor-perfeito
In Polish
toxicodendron vernix
Bratek
In Latin
Natrum vernix
Cinaede fill
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Anthophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Sapindales
Malpighiales
Family
Anacardiaceae
Violaceae
Genus
Toxicodendron
Viola
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
-
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
35300
1
27800
👆🏻