Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Bulb or Corm or Tuber
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
North America, Europe, Africa, Asia
California
Types
-
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Number of Varieties
13
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Alpine Meadows, meadows, Mountains, stream banks
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-88-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
-
Sunset Zone
21,22
21,22
Habit
Upright/Erect
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
91.40 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
25.40 cm120.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Crimson, Pink, Red, Yellow
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Red, Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Several shades of Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Salt and Soil Compaction, Shade areas, Shallow soil
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Cuttings, From bulbs
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the Soil well drained, occasional watering once established
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut off the flower stalks at the base of the plant, Prune after flowering, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
-
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost, Organic Flower Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Bacteria wilt, Pink Root, Red blotch, Root rot
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Plant Tolerance
Shallow soil, Soil Compaction
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Coarse
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies, Hummingbirds
Birds
Allergy
Red eyes, Vomiting, wheezing
Acidic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Cottage Garden
Beautification
Beauty Benefits
Good Cleanser, Good for the Scalp
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Provides ground cover
Erosion control
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Antibacterial, Antifungal, Anti-oxidant, Eczema, hemorrhoids
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
Leaf Stalks, Stem
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Cutflower, Mixed Border
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Botanical Name
Spigelia marilandica
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
Common Name
Woodland pinkroot, Indian pink
Christmas Berry, California Holly
In Hindi
pinkroot
Toyon
In German
Spigelia
Toyon
In French
Spigelia
Toyon
In Spanish
Spigelia
Toyon
In Greek
Spigelia
Toyon
In Portuguese
Spigelia
Toyon
In Polish
Spigelia
Toyon
In Latin
Spigelia
Toyon
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Gentianales
Rosales
Family
Loganiceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Spigelia
Heteromeles
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Maleae
Subfamily
-
Amygdaloideae
Number of Species
606
1
27800
👆🏻