Life Span
Annual and Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tender Perennial
Herbs
Origin
Eastern Africa
Mediterranean, Turkey
Types
-
Levisticum officinale
Number of Varieties
1520
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Rocky Ridges, Shores of rivers or lakes, Tropical Climate, tropical environments
Arid Habitats, Damp Places, Waste areas
USDA Hardiness Zone
11-124-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
H1, 23, 24
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Cushion/Mound-forming
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
25.40 cm90.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
25.40 cm60.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Purple, Violet
Yellow, Yellow green
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Green, Tan
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam
Loam
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Indeterminate
Early Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings, stem tip cuttings
Rhizome division, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep ground moist, Keep the Soil well drained, Medium, Requires regular watering
Average Water Needs
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam
Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Pinch Tips, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Grey mold, Leaf spot, Mites, Root rot
Insects
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies, Flying insects, Hummingbirds
Wildlife
Allergy
Pollen
contact allergic dermatitis
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Bouquets, Cut Flowers, Decorating walls, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes, Used for decorating walls, fences, gates, hedges, etc.
along a porch, deck or patio
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Boils, Gastritis, Gout, Heartburn, Indigestion, Jaundice, Menstrual Disorders, Migraines
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves
Leaves, Root, Seeds
Other Uses
Used as Ornamental plant, Used for bedding in gardens
Used As Food, Used as a spice, Used in making beverages
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Edging, Houseplant, Tropical
Dried Flower/Everlasting, Edible, Feature Plant, Herb / Vegetable, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
EXACUM affine
LEVISTICUM officinale
Common Name
German Violet, Persian Violet
Lovage
In Hindi
persian violet
Levisticum Officinale
In German
persian violet
Liebstöckel
In French
persian violet
livèche
In Spanish
Violeta persa
lovage
In Greek
Περσικό Violet
λεβιστικό
In Portuguese
Violeta persa
lovage
In Polish
Persian Violet
lubczyk
In Latin
hyacinthum Persarum
ligusticum
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Gentianales
Apiales
Family
Gentianaceae
Apiaceae
Genus
Exacum
Levisticum
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
Exaceae
Apieae
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
251
1
27800
👆🏻