Life Span
Biennial and Perennial
Perennial
Type
Vegetable
Perennial
Origin
Europe, Western Asia
-
Types
-
-
Number of Varieties
5-
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
waste ground, wastelands
Damp forests, Woodland Garden
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-93-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
-
Habit
Rosette/Stemless
Rosette/Stemless
Plant Size
Minimum Height
15.20 cm30.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
7.60 cm15.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow
Yellow, Red, Purple, Orange
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Brown, Black
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Pinnate
Oblong elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam
Loam
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Summer
Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall, Fall
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Divison, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Keep the ground moist but not water-logged
Do not let dry out between waterings, Keep ground moist, Keep the Soil well drained, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Neutral
Soil Type
Loam
Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Armyworm, Cutworms, Downy mildew, Pitch canker, Red blotch
Dry root rot, Leaf spot
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies
Insects
Allergy
Stomach burn
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Beautification, Borders, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Blood purifying, Good for skin
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Food for insects, Versatility
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Aphrodisiac
-
Part of Plant Used
Root
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
Food for animals, Used as a nutritious food item
Decoration Purposes, Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edible, Herb, Vegetable
Edging, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
PASTINACA sativa
Primula beesiana
Common Name
Parsnip
Candelabra Primrose, Primrose
In Hindi
चुकंदर
candelabra primrose
In German
Pastinake
Kerzenleuchter Primel
In French
Panais
candélabre primevère
In Spanish
Chirivía
Primula beesiana
In Greek
Είδος δαυκίου
μανουάλια primrose
In Portuguese
cherivia
prímula candelabros
In Polish
Pasternak
kandelabry pierwiosnka
In Latin
parsnip
candelabra Primrose
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Apiales
Myrtales
Family
Apiaceae
Onagraceae
Genus
Abelia
Oenothera
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Onagreae
Subfamily
-
Onagroideae
Number of Species
20145
1
27800
👆🏻