Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
Southeastern United States, South-Central United States, Texas
California
Types
Maclura pomifera
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Number of Varieties
13
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Grassland, Hillside, Humid climates, Roadsides, Woods
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-108-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
10-1
-
Sunset Zone
2a, 2b, 3a, 10, 11, 12, 13
21,22
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
760.00 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1,219.00 cm120.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow green
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Green
Red, Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Green, Yellow green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring, Late Spring
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Soil Compaction
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering, Water Deeply, Water when soil is dry
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
-
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
Birds
Allergy
-
Acidic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Beautification
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Erosion control
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cancer, Tooth ache, Urinary tract problems
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Flowers, Fruits
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Used as an insecticide, Wood log is used in making fences
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Botanical Name
MACLURA pomifera
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
Common Name
Bois d’arc, Hedge Apple, Osage Orange
Christmas Berry, California Holly
In Hindi
ओसेज संतरे
Toyon
In German
Osage Orange
Toyon
In French
Osage orange
Toyon
In Spanish
Osage naranja
Toyon
In Greek
Osage Πορτοκαλί
Toyon
In Portuguese
Osage laranja
Toyon
In Polish
Osage Pomarańczowy
Toyon
In Latin
Aliquam Osage
Toyon
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Rosales
Family
Moraceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Maclura
Heteromeles
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Moreae
Maleae
Subfamily
-
Amygdaloideae
Number of Species
16
1
27800
👆🏻