Life Span
Biennial
Perennial
Type
Bulb, Flowering Plants
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
World/Pandemic, Europe, Asia
California
Types
Crocus tommasinianus, Crocus etruscus, Crocus vernus, Crocus cambessedesii
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Number of Varieties
503
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
gardens, Grassland, open Woodlands, orchards, Pastures, tropical environments
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
2-108-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
10 - 1
-
Sunset Zone
21,22
21,22
Habit
Upright/Erect
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
90.00 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
30.00 cm120.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Red, Violet
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Red, Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Very Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution, Drought, Salt, Soil Compaction
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Prune to stimulate growth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead leaves, Remove deadheads
-
Fertilizers
Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium, Requires high amount of nitrogen
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Insects, Red blotch
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Plant Tolerance
-
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Coarse
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Flying insects
Birds
Allergy
Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting
Acidic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Showy Purposes
Beautification
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Food for insects
Erosion control
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
Stem
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Botanical Name
CARDUUS nutans
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
Common Name
Musk Thistle, Nodding Thistle
Christmas Berry, California Holly
In Hindi
कस्तूरी थीस्ल
Toyon
In German
Nickende Distel
Toyon
In French
Musk Thistle
Toyon
In Spanish
Cardo de almizcle
Toyon
In Greek
musk Thistle
Toyon
In Portuguese
musk Thistle
Toyon
In Polish
Musk Thistle
Toyon
In Latin
Carduus MOSCHUS
Toyon
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asterales
Rosales
Family
Asteraceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Carduus
Heteromeles
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Cynareae
Maleae
Subfamily
Carduoideae
Amygdaloideae
Number of Species
2006
1
27800
👆🏻