Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Herbaceous Perennial, Perennial
Shrub
Origin
United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Texas
Europe, Morocco, Western Asia
Types
Oenothera macrocarpa, Oenothera missouriensis
-
Number of Varieties
20700
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Bluffs, limestone outcrops, Prairies, Rocky areas
Boggy areas, Dry and Young forest Heaths, Mountain Slopes, Temperate Regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-85-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-3
8-5
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
A1, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 15, 16, 17
Habit
Spreading
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
15.20 cm10.20 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
35.60 cm610.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Lemon yellow, Gold
White, Red, Pink
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Light Green, Tan
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Gray Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Lance shaped
Needle like
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall, Fall
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Average Water Needs
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Prune in early summer, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Ammonium Nitrate
Pests and Diseases
Leaf spot, Root rot
Armillaria mellea, Chlorosis, Crown rot, Powdery mildew, Root rot, Rust, Verticillium Wilt
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought, Dry soil, Shade areas, Wet Site
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single, Double, Semi-Double
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bugs, Butterflies, Flies, Flying insects, Insects
Bees, Butterflies, Moths
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Decorating walls, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes, Used as an interior landscaping species, Used for decorating walls, fences, gates, hedges, etc.
Beautification, Bouquets, Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Glowing Skin, Improve skin condition, Making cosmetics, used as a dye
Skin inflammation
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Food for animals, Food for insects
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Arthritis, cholesterol-lowering, Diarrhea, Eczema, Inflammation, lowering blood pressure
Arthritis, Bladder Infection, Colic, Diarrhea, Gout, Inflammation, Kidney Stones, Rheumatism, Stomach pain, Urinary tract problems
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Flowers
Other Uses
Making Perfumes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for bedding in gardens
Can be made into a herbal tea, Food for animals, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall, Wildflower
Container, Cutflower, Edging, Foundation, Groundcover, Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall
Botanical Name
OENOTHERA macrocarpa
CALLUNA vulgaris
Common Name
Bigfruit evening Primrose,Ozark sundrop,Missouri evening primrose
Heather, Common heather, Ling
In Hindi
Missouri primrose
हीथ
In German
Missouri Primel
Heidekraut
In French
Oenothera macrocarpa
bruyère
In Spanish
prímula Missouri
brezo
In Greek
Missouri primrose
ερείκη
In Portuguese
Missouri Primrose
urze
In Polish
Wiesiołek ozdobny
wrzos
In Latin
Primrose Missouri
Heather
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Myrtales
Ericales
Family
Onagraceae
Ericaceae
Genus
Oenothera
Calluna
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
Onagreae
Ericeae
Subfamily
Onagroideae
Ericoideae
Number of Species
145860
1
27800
👆🏻