Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Herbaceous Perennial, Perennial
Tree
Origin
United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Texas
Africa, South-Eastern Asia
Types
Oenothera macrocarpa, Oenothera missouriensis
Terminalia arjuna
Number of Varieties
201
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Bluffs, limestone outcrops, Prairies, Rocky areas
Subtropical forests, Tropical regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-85-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-3
9 - 5
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21
Habit
Spreading
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
15.20 cm300.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
35.60 cm45.70 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Lemon yellow, Gold
Pale Yellow, Yellow green
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Light Green, Tan
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Brown, Light Yellow, Tan
Shape
Leaf Shape
Lance shaped
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer
Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Pollution, Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Needs less watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Cut upper 1/3 section when young to enhancegrowth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost
Pests and Diseases
Leaf spot, Root rot
Aphids, Downy mildew, Purple Blotch, Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought, Salt and Soil Compaction, Shade areas
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bugs, Butterflies, Flies, Flying insects, Insects
Bees, Flies, pollinators
Allergy
-
conjunctivitis, sneezing
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Decorating walls, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes, Used as an interior landscaping species, Used for decorating walls, fences, gates, hedges, etc.
-
Beauty Benefits
Glowing Skin, Improve skin condition, Making cosmetics, used as a dye
Making cosmetics
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Soil protection
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Arthritis, cholesterol-lowering, Diarrhea, Eczema, Inflammation, lowering blood pressure
Cardiovascular problems, Detoxifies lever, Diabetes, Dysentry, Jaundice, Menstrual Disorders
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Inner Bark, Leaf Stalks
Other Uses
Making Perfumes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for bedding in gardens
Can be made into a herbal tea, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used as a fodder tree in agricultural areas
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall, Wildflower
Dried Flower/Everlasting, Lawns and Turf, Mixed Border, Wildflower
Botanical Name
OENOTHERA macrocarpa
Terminalia arjuna
Common Name
Bigfruit evening Primrose,Ozark sundrop,Missouri evening primrose
Arjuna
In Hindi
Missouri primrose
अर्जुन वृक्ष
In German
Missouri Primel
Terminalia arjuna
In French
Oenothera macrocarpa
Terminalia arjuna
In Spanish
prímula Missouri
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Greek
Missouri primrose
arjuna
In Portuguese
Missouri Primrose
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Polish
Wiesiołek ozdobny
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Latin
Primrose Missouri
arjuna
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
-
Order
Myrtales
Myrtales
Family
Onagraceae
Poaceae
Genus
Oenothera
Terminilia
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Onagreae
-
Subfamily
Onagroideae
-
Number of Species
145100
1
27800
👆🏻