Life Span
Biennial
  
Perennial
  
Type
Perennial
  
Flowering Plants, Shrubs, Vegetable
  
Origin
Texas
  
Mediterranean
  
Types
Not available
  
Belgian Endive, Red Belgian Endive, Curly Endive (a.k.a. Frisee), Escarole, Radicchio (Chioggia) and Radicchio (Chioggia)
  
Number of Varieties
Not Available
  
Habitat
Forests, meadows, Pastures, Prairies, savannahs, Woodland edges
  
Grassland, Mediterranean region, Wild
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-10
  
3-9
  
AHS Heat Zone
10-6
  
9-1
  
Sunset Zone
H1, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
Habit
Upright/Erect
  
Clump-Forming
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
White, Lemon yellow, Light Pink
  
Blue
  
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
  
Not Applicable
  
Fruit Color
Tan
  
Brown
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Not Available
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
  
Green
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Alternate
  
Oblong
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Summer
  
Summer
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Part sun
  
Growth Rate
Fast
  
Medium
  
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
  
Loamy, Sandy
  
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
  
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
  
Soil Drainage
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer, Late Winter
  
Summer
  
Repeat Bloomer
Yes
  
Yes
  
Tolerances
Drought
  
Not Available
  
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
  
Ground
  
How to Plant?
Seedlings
  
Seedlings
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Keep the Soil well drained, Requires regular watering
  
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
  
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
  
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
  
Loamy, Sandy
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Part sun
  
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
Pests and Diseases
Pests and diseases free, Red blotch
  
Aphids, Loopers, Root rot, Viruses, Worms
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought
  
Drought
  
Flowers
Yes
  
Yes
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Not Available
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
No
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
Yes
  
No
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
No
  
No
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Medium
  
Foliage Sheen
Matte
  
Matte
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
Sometimes
  
Sometimes
  
Self-Sowing
Yes
  
Yes
  
Attracts
Bugs, Butterflies, Insects
  
Butterflies
  
Allergy
Abdominal pain, Anxiety, Inflammation, Low blood pressure
  
Not Available
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Decorating walls, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes, Used as an interior landscaping species, Used for decorating walls, fences, gates, hedges, etc.
  
Not Used For Aesthetic Purpose
  
Beauty Benefits
Skin irritation, Skin Problems
  
Not Available
  
Edible Uses
Yes
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification
  
Air purification
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Eczema, Menstrual Cramps, Menstrual Disorders
  
Cancer, Digestive disorders, Inflammation, Liver problems, Stomach pain
  
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Root, Seeds, Stem
  
Leaves, Root
  
Other Uses
Beneficial species for attracting pollinators, deer resistant, Edible seed
  
Used as an ingredient in coffee
  
Used As Indoor Plant
Yes
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall, Wildflower
  
Not Available
  
Botanical Name
OENOTHERA mexicana
  
Cichorium intybus
  
Common Name
pinkladies, pink evening primrose, showy evening primrose, Mexican primrose, and amapola.
  
Blue daisy, blue dandelion, blue sailors, blue weed, bunk, coffeeweed, cornflower, hendibeh, horseweed, ragged sailors, succory, wild bachelor's buttons, and wild endive
  
In Hindi
Mexican primrose
  
कासनी
  
In German
Rosa Nachtkerze
  
Chicoree
  
In French
Mexican primrose
  
chicorée
  
In Spanish
Primrose mexicana
  
achicoria
  
In Greek
Μεξικού Primrose
  
ραδίκι
  
In Portuguese
Mexican Primrose
  
chicória
  
In Polish
Mexican Primrose
  
cykoria
  
In Latin
Mexicanus Primrose
  
pancratium
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Tracheophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Magnoliopsida
  
Order
Myrtales
  
Asterales
  
Family
Onagraceae
  
Asteraceae
  
Genus
Oenothera
  
Cichorium
  
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
  
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
  
Tribe
Onagreae
  
Cichorieae
  
Subfamily
Onagroideae
  
Cichorioideae
  
Number of Species
Not Available