Life Span
Perennial
Annual and Perennial
Type
Perennial
Tender Perennial
Origin
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, South-Central United States, Texas, Canada
Eastern Africa
Types
-
-
Number of Varieties
215
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Mixed deciduous forest, shaded fields, shaded moist road banks, shaded riverbanks
Rocky Ridges, Shores of rivers or lakes, Tropical Climate, tropical environments
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-911-12
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-2
7-1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7
H1, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Cushion/Mound-forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.50 cm25.40 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
30.00 cm25.40 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White, Light Pink
Purple, Violet
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Yellow
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Palmate
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Partial shade, Full Shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Slow
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring
Indeterminate
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Root Division, Seedlings
Seedlings, stem tip cuttings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Keep ground moist, Keep the Soil well drained, Medium, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Partial shade, Full Shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Pinch Tips, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Pest Free, Red blotch
Grey mold, Leaf spot, Mites, Root rot
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Coarse
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
Butterflies, Flying insects, Hummingbirds
Allergy
Toxic
Pollen
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Bouquets, Cut Flowers, Decorating walls, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes, Used for decorating walls, fences, gates, hedges, etc.
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
antihelmintic, cathartic, Emetic, malignant neoplasms, Stomach pain
-
Part of Plant Used
Rhizomes, Root
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used as Ornamental plant, Used for bedding in gardens
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edible, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Wildflower
Container, Edging, Houseplant, Tropical
Botanical Name
PODOPHYLLUM peltatum
EXACUM affine
Common Name
American Mandrake, Mayapple
German Violet, Persian Violet
In Hindi
अमेरिकी विषैला पौधा
persian violet
In German
amerikanisch Alraune
persian violet
In French
mandrake américain
persian violet
In Spanish
mandrágora americana
Violeta persa
In Greek
american μανδραγόρα
Περσικό Violet
In Portuguese
mandrake americano
Violeta persa
In Polish
amerykański mandragory
Persian Violet
In Latin
Latin mandragoras
hyacinthum Persarum
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Ranunculales
Gentianales
Family
Berberidaceae
Gentianaceae
Genus
Podophyllum
Exacum
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
Exaceae
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
225
1
27800
👆🏻