Life Span
Annual
Perennial
Type
Fern
Broadleaf Evergreen, Vines
Origin
South America, Southern Africa, India, Australia, New Zealand
India, Indonesia, Southeast Asia, Southern Asia
Types
-
Red pepper, Orange pepper
Number of Varieties
307
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Bog Garden, Boggy areas, Swamps
Moist Soils, orchards, Temperate Regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-118-15
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-8
12 - 1
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
H1, H2, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
45.70 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
60.00 cm60.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
-
Lemon yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Red, Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Odd Pinnate
Circular cordate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Shade, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Fall, Spring, Summer
-
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
By dividing rhizomes, tubers
Seedlings, Stem Planting, Vegetative Reproduction
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires regular watering
Do Not over Water, Sprinkle water over foliage, Water every two or three days during warmer months
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Shade, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Prune for size control
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Remove dead branches, Trim each shoot back to the first set of leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Does not require fertilizer once established
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Do not let fertilizers touch the leaves
Pests and Diseases
Pests and diseases free, Red blotch
Aphids, Beetles, Root rot, Rust, Scab
Plant Tolerance
Shade areas, Variety of soil types
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Salt and Soil Compaction
Flowers
-
-
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Aphids, Deers, Scale Insects
Aphids, Leafminer, Snails, Squirrels
Allergy
-
Oral Allergy
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Borders, Formal Garden, Ground Cover
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Decorating walls
Beauty Benefits
-
Acne, Blackheads
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Fixes Nitrogen, Insect Repellent
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Acid Reflux, Dysentry, Healthy teeth, Inflammation, Oral health
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Dried seeds
Other Uses
useful as a ground cover
Culinary use, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used in herbal medicines
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Cutflower, Foundation, Groundcover, Houseplant, Mixed Border, Tropical
Container, Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Tropical
Botanical Name
RUMOHRA adiantiformis
Piper nigrum
Common Name
leatherleaf fern
leathery shieldfern
iron fern
7-weeks-fern
climbing shield fern
Peppercorn, Piper, Black pepper
In Hindi
leatherleaf
काली मिर्च
In German
Leatherleaf
Pfeffer
In French
Leatherleaf
Piper nigrum
In Spanish
leatherleaf
Poivrier noir
In Greek
Leatherleaf
μαύρο πιπέρι
In Portuguese
leatherleaf
Pimenta-preta
In Polish
Leatherleaf
Pieprz czarny
In Latin
Leatherleaf
nigrum piperis
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Polypodiopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Polypodiales
Piperales
Family
Dryopteridaceae
Piperaceae
Genus
Rumohra
Piper
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Monocots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
501100
1
27800
👆🏻