Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
India
California
Types
Pednem Keri, Kasarpal, Parashte
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Number of Varieties
-3
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Foot Hills, Tropical regions
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-118-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
-
Sunset Zone
11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20
21,22
Habit
Spreading
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
500.00 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
10.00 cm120.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Dark Pink
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Burgundy
Red, Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Light Green, Gray Green, Copper
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Gray Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Gray Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Olive, Gray Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong-lanceolate
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Spring
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Needs more water during establishment
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
-
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Leafminers, Red blotch, Root mealy bugs
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Coarse
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bees, Birds, Butterflies
Birds
Allergy
-
Acidic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Beautification
Beauty Benefits
For treating wrinkles, Good for skin and hair, Hair Conditioner, Makes Hair Silkier, Promotes Healthy Hair
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Erosion control
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Anthelmintic, Antitumor, Astringent, Cardiotonic, Dysentry, Indigestion
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
Fruits
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Edible syrup, Used for its medicinal properties, Used to make juice
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Fruit, Fruit / Fruit Tree
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Botanical Name
Garcinia indica
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
Common Name
Kokum
Christmas Berry, California Holly
In Hindi
Kokum
Toyon
In German
Kokum
Toyon
In French
Kokum
Toyon
In Spanish
Kokum
Toyon
In Greek
Kokum
Toyon
In Portuguese
Kokum
Toyon
In Polish
Kokum
Toyon
In Latin
Kokum
Toyon
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Theales
Rosales
Family
Zamiaceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Garcinia
Heteromeles
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Garcinieae
Maleae
Subfamily
Clusioideae
Amygdaloideae
Number of Species
16
1
27800
👆🏻