Life Span
Perennial
Biennial
Type
Tree
Palm or Cycad
Origin
United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
South Africa
Types
shadbush, wild plum
Alexandria cycad, Encephalartos caffer, Encephalartos concinnus
Number of Varieties
2066
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Swamps, Thickets, Woods
Riverbanks, Rocky areas, Scrubs
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-99-12
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
12-8
Sunset Zone
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
H1, H2, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
610.00 cm290.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
300.00 cm240.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
-
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Violet, Plum
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Gray Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Red, Orange, Orange Red
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Pinnate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Slow
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring
Early Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
occasional watering once established
Needs very little water
In Summer
Drought Tolerant
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Less Watering
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Prune if you want to improve plant shape
Remove crossing or rubbing branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Less fertilizing
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial leaf spot, Beetles, Powdery mildew, Red blotch, Rust
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Heat And Humidity
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Bold
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Deers, Hoverflies
Birds
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Improve skin condition, Skin Problems
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Agroforestry, Food for animals, Food for birds, No fertilizer, pesticides, or herbicides needed, soil stabilisation
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Windbreak
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Diarrhea, Gastrointestinal disorders, Menstrual Disorders
-
Part of Plant Used
Fruits
Leaves, Seeds, Stem
Other Uses
Food for animals, Used As Food
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edible, Feature Plant, Foundation, Fruit / Fruit Tree, Mixed Border, Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Tropical
Botanical Name
AMELANCHIER arborea
ENCEPHALARTOS altensteinii
Common Name
Common Serviceberry, Downy Serviceberry, Juneberry, Shadbush
Bread Tree, Prickly Cycad
In Hindi
Juneberry
Bread Tree
In German
Felsenbirnen
Brotbaum
In French
Amélanchier
Bread Arbre
In Spanish
Amelanchier
Árbol del pan
In Greek
Juneberry
ψωμί Δέντρο
In Portuguese
Amelanchier
Árvore de pão
In Polish
Świdośliwa
chleb Drzewo
In Latin
Amelanchier
panis ligno
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Equisetopsida
Order
Rosales
Cycadales
Family
Rosaceae
Cycadaceae
Genus
Amelanchier
Encephalartos
Clade
Dicotyledonous
-
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
Malvoideae
-
Number of Species
2566
1
27800
👆🏻