Life Span
Perennial
  
Perennial
  
Type
Grass
  
Shrub
  
Origin
Japan
  
United States, Southeastern United States, South-Central United States, Texas, Mexico
  
Types
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Habitat
meadows, Riverbanks, Wet Woods
  
Cultivated Beds
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-9
  
8-11
  
AHS Heat Zone
9 - 5
  
11-7
  
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
H1, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
Habit
Clump-Forming
  
Upright/Erect
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Blue Violet
  
Red, Magenta, Orange Red
  
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
  
Not Available
  
Fruit Color
Purple
  
Brown, Red
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Yellow, Green, Light Green
  
Green, Blue Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
  
Green, Blue Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Orange, Yellow green, Orange Red
  
Green, Blue Green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Green, Dark Green, Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Oblovate
  
Arrowhead
  
Thorns
No
  
Yes
  
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
  
Spring, Summer, Fall
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Growth Rate
Slow
  
Fast
  
Type of Soil
Loam
  
Loam, Sand
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
  
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Soil Drainage
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Bloom Time
Late Summer, Early Fall, Fall
  
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
  
Repeat Bloomer
No
  
No
  
Tolerances
Dry soil, Shallow soil
  
Drought
  
Where to Plant?
Ground
  
Ground, Pot
  
How to Plant?
From Rhizomes
  
Seedlings
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Keep ground moist
  
Average Water Needs
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Consistently
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Adequately
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
  
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Soil Type
Loam
  
Loam, Sand
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Pruning
Prune grass to maintain level, Prune if you want to improve plant shape
  
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
Fertilizers
organic fertlizers
  
Apply 10-10-10 amount
  
Pests and Diseases
Not Available
  
No serious insect or disease problems
  
Plant Tolerance
Shade areas, Shallow soil, Wet Site
  
Drought
  
Flowers
Insignificant
  
Showy
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Single
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
Yes
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
Yes
  
Yes
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Medium
  
Foliage Sheen
Matte
  
Matte
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
No
  
No
  
Self-Sowing
No
  
Yes
  
Attracts
Ants, Beetles, Caterpillar
  
Hummingbirds
  
Allergy
allergic conjunctivitis, Asthma, Rash
  
Toxic
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Ground Cover
  
Borders
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Edible Uses
No
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Provides ground cover, Shadow Tree
  
Air purification
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Acne, Aging, Laxative
  
Antiemetic, Diuretic, Purgative, Tonic
  
Part of Plant Used
Leaves
  
Flowers, Leaves
  
Other Uses
Can be made into a herbal tea, Showy Purposes
  
Used as a general tonic, Used as a rat poison, Used as a vegetable
  
Used As Indoor Plant
Sometimes
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Container, Edging, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall, Water Gardens
  
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall, Wildflower
  
Botanical Name
HAKONECHLOA macra 'Aureola'
  
ERYTHRINA herbacea
  
Common Name
Golden Japanese Forest Grass, Hakone Grass
  
Red cardinal, Cardinal spear
  
In Hindi
जापानी वन घास
  
Red Cardinal
  
In German
Japanische gras
  
Red Cardinal
  
In French
Forêt herbe japonaise
  
Cardinal rouge
  
In Spanish
forestales hierba japonesa
  
Cárdenas
  
In Greek
Ιαπωνικά γρασίδι δάσος
  
κόκκινο Καρδινάλιος
  
In Portuguese
floresta grama japonês
  
Cardeal vermelho
  
In Polish
Japoński las lato
  
Red Cardinal
  
In Latin
Forest gramina Italica
  
Cardinalis Rubrum
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Angiosperms
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Monocots
  
Magnoliopsida
  
Order
Poales
  
Fabales
  
Family
Poaceae
  
Fabaceae
  
Genus
Hachanechloa
  
Erythrina
  
Clade
Angiosperms
  
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Phaseoleae
  
Subfamily
Arundinariinae
  
Faboideae
  
Number of Species
Not Available
  
Not Available