Life Span
Annual and Perennial
Perennial
Type
Perennial
Tree
Origin
Europe, Northern Europe, Western Europe, United Kingdom
Africa, South-Eastern Asia
Types
M. v. brevipetala
M. v. collina
M. v. frozen
M. v. grandiflora
M. v. paui
M. v. verna
M. v. japonica
Terminalia arjuna
Number of Varieties
71
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
gardens, Grassland, Prairies, Suburban areas, Tropical regions
Subtropical forests, Tropical regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-75-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
9 - 5
Sunset Zone
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21
Habit
Mat-forming
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
7.60 cm300.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
20.30 cm45.70 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Pale Yellow, Yellow green
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Brown, Light Yellow, Tan
Shape
Leaf Shape
Tiny
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer
Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Pollution, Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep ground moist, Never Over-water, Requires watering in the growing season, Water more in summer
Needs less watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Pruning
Remove dead leaves, Remove deadheads, Requires very little pruning
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Cut upper 1/3 section when young to enhancegrowth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost
Pests and Diseases
Fungal Diseases
Aphids, Downy mildew, Purple Blotch, Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought, Salt and Soil Compaction, Shade areas
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies
Bees, Flies, pollinators
Allergy
-
conjunctivitis, sneezing
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
-
Beauty Benefits
-
Making cosmetics
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Soil protection
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Burns, Thyroid problems, tuberculosis
Cardiovascular problems, Detoxifies lever, Diabetes, Dysentry, Jaundice, Menstrual Disorders
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves
Inner Bark, Leaf Stalks
Other Uses
Culinary use, Used As Food
Can be made into a herbal tea, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used as a fodder tree in agricultural areas
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Alpine, Container, Edging, Groundcover, Lawns and Turf, Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall
Dried Flower/Everlasting, Lawns and Turf, Mixed Border, Wildflower
Botanical Name
MINUARTIA verna
Terminalia arjuna
Common Name
Irish Moss
Arjuna
In Hindi
आयरिश काई
अर्जुन वृक्ष
In German
Irish Moss
Terminalia arjuna
In French
Irish Moss
Terminalia arjuna
In Spanish
musgo de irlanda
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Greek
Irish Moss
arjuna
In Portuguese
Moss irlandês
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Polish
mech irlandzki
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Latin
Irish Moss
arjuna
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
-
-
Order
Caryophyllales
Myrtales
Family
Caryophyllaceae
Poaceae
Genus
Minuartia
Terminilia
Clade
Angiosperms, Core eudicots, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
50100
1
27800
👆🏻