Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Shrub
Origin
North America, Northeastern United States, Southeastern United States, South-Central United States
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, North-Central United States, South-Central United States, Texas
Types
Ilex glabra, Ilex crenata, Ilex verticillata
-
Number of Varieties
33
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Coastal Regions, Lowland, Mountains, Subtropical climates, Suburban areas
Boggy areas, Fens, Fields, meadows, Swamps, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-94-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
8-4
Sunset Zone
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Thicket/Colonizing
Plant Size
Minimum Height
120.00 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
180.00 cm12.70 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
-
Flower Color Modifier
-
-
Fruit Color
Black
Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
-
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
-
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
-
Leaf Color in Winter
Green, Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Oblovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer
Late Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Divison, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep ground moist, Requires watering in the growing season, Water Deeply, Water more in summer, Water when soil is dry
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
No pruning needed in the early stages, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Shape and thin as needed
Prune after flowering, Prune in early spring, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost, Fertilize every year, Mulch, Nitrogen
Pests and Diseases
Aphids
Aphids, Apple Maggot, Fall Webworm, Red blotch, Scale
Plant Tolerance
Drought
-
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
-
Foliage Sheen
-
-
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
-
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Fruits
Other Uses
Can be made into a herbal tea
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Wildflower
Cutflower, Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break
Botanical Name
ILEX glabra
ARONIA arbutifolia
Common Name
American Pokeweed, Inkberry, Silberstein American Pokeweed
Red Chokeberry
In Hindi
Inkberry
लाल Chokeberry
In German
Inkberry
Rote Apfelbeere
In French
Inkberry
Red Chokeberry
In Spanish
Inkberry
rojo Chokeberry
In Greek
Inkberry
κόκκινο Chokeberry
In Portuguese
Inkberry
Red Chokeberry
In Polish
inkberry
Red aronii
In Latin
Inkberry
arbutifolia
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
-
Magnoliophyta
Class
-
Magnoliopsida
Order
Aquifoliales
Rosales
Family
Phytolaccaceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Ilex
Aronia
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
60025
1
27800
👆🏻