Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Herbs
Origin
Europe, Turkey
Southern Europe
Types
-
Melissa officinalis
Number of Varieties
305
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
hedge rows, Woodlands
Dappled Shade, Mediterranean region, Shady Edge, Woodland Garden
USDA Hardiness Zone
2-94-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
12-1
Sunset Zone
4, 5, 6, 7, 8
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
610.00 cm30.50 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
610.00 cm45.70 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Green, Orange Red
White, Light Pink
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Green
Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Light Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Lemon yellow, Yellow green, Orange Red
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Pollution, Variety of soil types
Deer resistant, Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Cuttings, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Requires regular watering
Medium
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Neutral
Soil Type
Loam
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead flowers, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Nitrogen, Water soluble fertilizers
Nitrogen, Potassium
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Caterpillars, Powdery mildew
Gray leaf blight, Gray mold, Leaf spot, Powdery mildew
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Pollution, Variety of soil types
Deer resistant, Drought
Flowers
Insignificant
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Bees
Allergy
Asthma, conjunctivitis, Pollen, Rhinitis
Avoid during Pregnancy, Skin irritation
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Cottage Garden
Beautification, Cottage Garden
Beauty Benefits
Skin irritation, Stops hair loss
Good for skin, Skin Problems
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Shelter for wildlife
Deer resistant, Insect Repellent
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cold, Cough, Diarrhea, Hair Loss, Headache, hemorrhoids, Rheumatism, Sore throat
Antiemetic, Anxiety, Appetite enhancer, Digestion problems, Insomnia, Sedative
Part of Plant Used
Leaves
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
Cosmetics, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Can be made into a herbal tea, Medicinal oil, Used as insect repellent, Used for its medicinal properties, Used in herbal medicines
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable
Botanical Name
Carpinus betulus
MELISSA officinalis
Common Name
Common Hornbeam, European Hornbeam
Lemonbalm, balm, common balm, balm mint
In Hindi
हानबीन
नींबू बाम
In German
Hainbuche
Lemonbalm
In French
charme
mélisse
In Spanish
carpe
Lemonbalm
In Greek
γαύρος
Lemonbalm
In Portuguese
choupo-branco
Lemonbalm
In Polish
grab
Lemonbalm
In Latin
Item carpinus
CITRAGO
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Fagales
Lamiales
Family
Betulaceae
Lamiaceae
Genus
Carpinus
Melissa
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
Coryloideae
Nepetoideae
Number of Species
384
1
27800
👆🏻