Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Needled or Scaled Evergreen
Origin
Europe, Turkey
Northeastern United States, North-Central United States, Alaska, Canada
Types
-
Oriental spruce, Bog spruce, Weeping spruce
Number of Varieties
308
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
hedge rows, Woodlands
Moist Soils, Slopes, Swamps, Well Drained
USDA Hardiness Zone
2-91-6
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
6-1
Sunset Zone
4, 5, 6, 7, 8
A1, A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7
Habit
Upright/Erect
Narrow Upright/Fastigiate
Plant Size
Minimum Height
610.00 cm3,000.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
610.00 cm60.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Green, Orange Red
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Green
Pink
Leaf Color in Spring
Light Green
Green, Sea Green, Blue Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Blue Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Lemon yellow, Yellow green, Orange Red
Blue Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Blue Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Needle like
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Slow
Type of Soil
Loam
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Spring
-
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Pollution, Variety of soil types
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Cuttings, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Requires regular watering
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Pinch Tips, Remove crossing or rubbing branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Nitrogen, Water soluble fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Caterpillars, Powdery mildew
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Pollution, Variety of soil types
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds
Allergy
Asthma, conjunctivitis, Pollen, Rhinitis
Dermatitis
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Cottage Garden
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Skin irritation, Stops hair loss
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Shelter for wildlife
Air purification, Shadow Tree
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cold, Cough, Diarrhea, Hair Loss, Headache, hemorrhoids, Rheumatism, Sore throat
anti-inflammatory, Disinfectant, Kidney problems, Odontalgic, Poultice, Salve, Stomachic, tuberculosis, Vulnerary
Part of Plant Used
Leaves
Flowers, Inner Bark, Seeds
Other Uses
Cosmetics, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Disinfectant, Gum, Paper pulp, Pitch, String, Used as a dye, Used in paper industry, Waterproofing
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Bog Garden, Screening, Wind Break
Botanical Name
Carpinus betulus
PICEA mariana
Common Name
Common Hornbeam, European Hornbeam
Black Spruce, Bog Spruce, Swamp Spruce
In Hindi
हानबीन
Black Spruce Tree
In German
Hainbuche
Schwarz Fichte
In French
charme
Noir Épicéa
In Spanish
carpe
Negro árbol de abeto
In Greek
γαύρος
Μαύρο Spruce Tree
In Portuguese
choupo-branco
Árvore Spruce Preto
In Polish
grab
Czarny Świerk Drzewo
In Latin
Item carpinus
Niger abiegnis
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Coniferophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Pinopsida
Order
Fagales
Pinales
Family
Betulaceae
Pinaceae
Genus
Carpinus
Picea
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
-
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
Coryloideae
Pinoideae
Number of Species
3835
1
27800
👆🏻