Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Tree
Origin
Europe, Turkey
Africa, South-Eastern Asia
Types
-
Terminalia arjuna
Number of Varieties
301
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
hedge rows, Woodlands
Subtropical forests, Tropical regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
2-95-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
9 - 5
Sunset Zone
4, 5, 6, 7, 8
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21
Habit
Upright/Erect
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
610.00 cm300.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
610.00 cm45.70 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Green, Orange Red
Pale Yellow, Yellow green
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Light Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Lemon yellow, Yellow green, Orange Red
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Brown, Light Yellow, Tan
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer, Fall, Winter
Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Spring
Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Pollution, Variety of soil types
Pollution, Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Requires regular watering
Needs less watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Cut upper 1/3 section when young to enhancegrowth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Nitrogen, Water soluble fertilizers
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Caterpillars, Powdery mildew
Aphids, Downy mildew, Purple Blotch, Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Pollution, Variety of soil types
Drought, Salt and Soil Compaction, Shade areas
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Bees, Flies, pollinators
Allergy
Asthma, conjunctivitis, Pollen, Rhinitis
conjunctivitis, sneezing
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Cottage Garden
-
Beauty Benefits
Skin irritation, Stops hair loss
Making cosmetics
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Shelter for wildlife
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Soil protection
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cold, Cough, Diarrhea, Hair Loss, Headache, hemorrhoids, Rheumatism, Sore throat
Cardiovascular problems, Detoxifies lever, Diabetes, Dysentry, Jaundice, Menstrual Disorders
Part of Plant Used
Leaves
Inner Bark, Leaf Stalks
Other Uses
Cosmetics, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Can be made into a herbal tea, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used as a fodder tree in agricultural areas
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Dried Flower/Everlasting, Lawns and Turf, Mixed Border, Wildflower
Botanical Name
Carpinus betulus
Terminalia arjuna
Common Name
Common Hornbeam, European Hornbeam
Arjuna
In Hindi
हानबीन
अर्जुन वृक्ष
In German
Hainbuche
Terminalia arjuna
In French
charme
Terminalia arjuna
In Spanish
carpe
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Greek
γαύρος
arjuna
In Portuguese
choupo-branco
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Polish
grab
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Latin
Item carpinus
arjuna
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
-
Order
Fagales
Myrtales
Family
Betulaceae
Poaceae
Genus
Carpinus
Terminilia
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
Coryloideae
-
Number of Species
38100
1
27800
👆🏻