Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
Southern Europe, Mediterranean, Northern Africa
Eastern Asia, Southern Asia, Southeastern Asia, India, China
Types
Quercus ilex, Quercus rotundifolia
Taonabo japonica, Cleyera ochnacea
Number of Varieties
25
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Mediterranean region
secondary forest, Temperate Regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-86-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-2
-
Sunset Zone
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
21,22
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,220.00 cm240.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1,070.00 cm150.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Red, Yellow green
White, Yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown, Sandy Brown, Chocolate
Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Red, Bronze
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Red, Dark Green, Bronze
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong or Lanceolate
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Slow
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring
Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution, Drought, Salt
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Does not require lot of watering, occasional watering once established
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Remove dead branches
Fertilizers
fertilize in fall, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium
14-14-14 Fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Moth
Downy mildew, Leaf rust, Phytophthora Root Rot, Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Shade areas
Cold climate, Humidity, Soil Compaction
Flowers
Insignificant
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Insects
Ants, Fruit Bats, Snails, Squirrels
Allergy
-
Asthma, Nausea, Pollen, sneezing
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Cottage Garden
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Skin Problems
Provides herbal hair care, Remove blemishes
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree
Air purification, Insect Repellent, Shadow Tree
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Digestive, Skin irritation
Acne, Arthritis, Eczema, Oedema
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Fruits, Wood
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
Charcoal, Used as firewood, Used for its medicinal properties, Wood is used fore making tools
Application in Furniture, Application in Handicrafts, Showy Purposes, Traditional medicine
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Container, Feature Plant, Foundation, Hedges, Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break
Botanical Name
QUERCUS ilex
TERNSTROEMIA gymnanthera
Common Name
Evergreen Oak, Holly Oak, Holm Oak
Sakaki
In Hindi
होल्म ओक
Sakaki
In German
Steineiche
Sperrstrauch
In French
chêne vert
Sakaki
In Spanish
encina
Sakaki
In Greek
πρινόδενδρο
Sakaki
In Portuguese
azinheira
Sakaki
In Polish
dąb skalny
Sakaki
In Latin
ilice
Sakaki
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Fagales
Theales
Family
Fagaceae
Theaceae
Genus
Quercus
Cleyera
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
1718
1
27800
👆🏻