Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Tree
Origin
Southern Europe, Mediterranean, Northern Africa
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Western United States, Northwestern United States, Alaska, Canada
Types
Quercus ilex, Quercus rotundifolia
-
Number of Varieties
22
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Mediterranean region
Forest margins, Thickets
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-84-7
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-2
8-1
Sunset Zone
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,220.00 cm370.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1,070.00 cm430.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Red, Yellow green
Ivory
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown, Sandy Brown, Chocolate
Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Yellow, Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong or Lanceolate
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring
Late Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution, Drought, Salt
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Divison, Seedlings, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
fertilize in fall, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Moth
Bacterial leaf spot, Cane Spot, fungus, Powdery mildew, Viruses
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Shade areas
-
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Insects
Birds, Butterflies
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Cottage Garden
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Skin Problems
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree
Food for birds, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes, soil stabilisation
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Digestive, Skin irritation
Cold, Fever
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Fruits, Wood
Whole plant
Other Uses
Charcoal, Used as firewood, Used for its medicinal properties, Wood is used fore making tools
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Screening / Wind Break
Botanical Name
QUERCUS ilex
Sambucus racemosa
Common Name
Evergreen Oak, Holly Oak, Holm Oak
Red Elderberry, Red-berried Elderberry
In Hindi
होल्म ओक
Red Elderberry
In German
Steineiche
Rote Holunder
In French
chêne vert
Red sureau
In Spanish
encina
La baya del saúco roja
In Greek
πρινόδενδρο
κόκκινο Elderberry
In Portuguese
azinheira
Red Elderberry
In Polish
dąb skalny
Red Elderberry
In Latin
ilice
pubens
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Fagales
Dipsacales
Family
Fagaceae
Caprifoliaceae
Genus
Quercus
Sambucus
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
177
1
27800
👆🏻