Life Span
Perennial
Biennial
Type
Tree
Tree
Origin
Southern Europe, Mediterranean, Northern Africa
South America
Types
Quercus ilex, Quercus rotundifolia
Peruvian peppertree, peppercorn tree, Peruvian mastic
Number of Varieties
2100
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Mediterranean region
Dappled Shade, open Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-88-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-2
12-8
Sunset Zone
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
H1, H2, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Weeping
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,220.00 cm1,219.20 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1,070.00 cm1,219.20 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Red, Yellow green
Light Yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown, Sandy Brown, Chocolate
Pink, Rose
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong or Lanceolate
Arrowhead
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring
Early Spring, Spring, Late Spring, Late Winter
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution, Drought, Salt
Pollution, Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Keep ground moist, Water Deeply
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Cut limbs, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Fertilizers
fertilize in fall, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium
Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Moth
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Shade areas
Drought, Pollution
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Insects
Birds, Butterflies
Allergy
-
Irritate the mucus membrane
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Cottage Garden
-
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Skin Problems
Skin Problems
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Digestive, Skin irritation
Antiemetic, Antirheumatic, Appetizer, Digestive, Miscellany, Purgative
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Fruits, Wood
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Charcoal, Used as firewood, Used for its medicinal properties, Wood is used fore making tools
Condiment, Gum
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Edible, Feature Plant, Rock Garden / Wall, Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Botanical Name
QUERCUS ilex
SCHINUS molle
Common Name
Evergreen Oak, Holly Oak, Holm Oak
Peppertree
In Hindi
होल्म ओक
Peppertree
In German
Steineiche
Peppertree
In French
chêne vert
Peppertree
In Spanish
encina
peppertree
In Greek
πρινόδενδρο
Peppertree
In Portuguese
azinheira
Peppertree
In Polish
dąb skalny
Peppertree
In Latin
ilice
Peppertree
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Vascular plant
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Fagales
Sapindales
Family
Fagaceae
Anacardiaceae
Genus
Quercus
Schinus
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
Anacardioideae
Number of Species
17600
1
27800
👆🏻