Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Tree
Origin
Southern Europe, Mediterranean, Northern Africa
India
Types
Quercus ilex, Quercus rotundifolia
Pednem Keri, Kasarpal, Parashte
Number of Varieties
2-
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Mediterranean region
Foot Hills, Tropical regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-89-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-2
-
Sunset Zone
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Spreading
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,220.00 cm500.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1,070.00 cm10.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Red, Yellow green
Dark Pink
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown, Sandy Brown, Chocolate
Burgundy
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Light Green, Gray Green, Copper
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Olive, Gray Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong or Lanceolate
Oblong-lanceolate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Slow
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring
Early Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution, Drought, Salt
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Grafting, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Do Not over Water, Needs more water during establishment
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
fertilize in fall, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Moth
Leafminers, Red blotch, Root mealy bugs
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Shade areas
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Insects
Bees, Birds, Butterflies
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Cottage Garden
-
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Skin Problems
For treating wrinkles, Good for skin and hair, Hair Conditioner, Makes Hair Silkier, Promotes Healthy Hair
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Digestive, Skin irritation
Anthelmintic, Antitumor, Astringent, Cardiotonic, Dysentry, Indigestion
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Fruits, Wood
Fruits
Other Uses
Charcoal, Used as firewood, Used for its medicinal properties, Wood is used fore making tools
Edible syrup, Used for its medicinal properties, Used to make juice
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Fruit, Fruit / Fruit Tree
Botanical Name
QUERCUS ilex
Garcinia indica
Common Name
Evergreen Oak, Holly Oak, Holm Oak
Kokum
In Hindi
होल्म ओक
Kokum
In German
Steineiche
Kokum
In French
chêne vert
Kokum
In Spanish
encina
Kokum
In Greek
πρινόδενδρο
Kokum
In Portuguese
azinheira
Kokum
In Polish
dąb skalny
Kokum
In Latin
ilice
Kokum
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Fagales
Theales
Family
Fagaceae
Zamiaceae
Genus
Quercus
Garcinia
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Garcinieae
Subfamily
-
Clusioideae
Number of Species
171
1
27800
👆🏻