Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Needled or Scaled Evergreen
Origin
Southern Europe, Mediterranean, Northern Africa
Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Canada
Types
Quercus ilex, Quercus rotundifolia
Eastern juniper, Souther juniper
Habitat
Mediterranean region
Lower slopes, Open Plains, Prairies, Woodlands, Woods
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-8
3-7
Sunset Zone
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Pyramidal
Flower Color
Red, Yellow green
Light Red, Sky Blue, Yellow Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown, Sandy Brown, Chocolate
Light Blue
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Dark Green, Bronze
Leaf Shape
Oblong or Lanceolate
Irregular
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring
Late Spring
Tolerances
Pollution, Drought, Salt
Drought, Dry soil, Heat Tolerance
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season, Water daily during growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Average Water
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
fertilize in fall, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium
Compost
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Moth
Gall Insects, Red blotch, Rust, Sooty Mold
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Shade areas
Drought, Dry soil, Heat Tolerance
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
Yes
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Attracts
Birds, Insects
Insects
Allergy
-
Asthma, breathing problems
Aesthetic Uses
Cottage Garden
Beautification, Bonsai, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Skin Problems
Good for skin and hair
Environmental Uses
Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree
Air purification, Food for insects, Indoor Air Purification, Prevent Soil Erosion, Shadow Tree, Shelter for wildlife, Versatility, Very little waste, Wildlife
Medicinal Uses
Digestive, Skin irritation
Cold, Cough
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Fruits, Wood
Leaves
Other Uses
Charcoal, Used as firewood, Used for its medicinal properties, Wood is used fore making tools
Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
No
Yes
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
Yes
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Botanical Name
QUERCUS ilex
JUNIPERUS virginiana
Common Name
Evergreen Oak, Holly Oak, Holm Oak
Pencil cedar, Red Juniper
In Hindi
होल्म ओक
पूर्वी लाल देवदार
In German
Steineiche
Eastern Red Cedar
In French
chêne vert
Red Cedar Orient
In Spanish
encina
Cedro Rojo del Este
In Greek
πρινόδενδρο
Ανατολική Red Cedar
In Portuguese
azinheira
Eastern Red Cedar
In Polish
dąb skalny
Eastern Red Cedar
In Latin
ilice
Eastern Red Cedar
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Pinopsida
Family
Fagaceae
Cupressaceae
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
-
Subfamily
-
Cupressoideae